List of Naturally Occurring Elements

Some elements have been made by man, but do not exist naturally. Have you ever wondered how many elements are found in nature? Of the 118 elements that have been discovered, there are 90 elements that occur in nature in appreciable amounts. Depending who you ask, there are another 4 or 8 elements that occur in nature as a result of radioactive decay of heavier elements. So, the grand total of natural elements is 94 or 98. As new decay schemes are discovered, its likely the number of natural elements will grow. However, these elements will likely be present in trace amounts. There are 80 elements that have at least one stable isotope. The other 38 elements exist only as radioactive isotopes. Several of the radioisotopes instantly decay into a different element. It used to be believed that of the first 92 elements on the periodic table  (1 is hydrogen and 92 is uranium) that 90 elements occur naturally. Technetium (atomic number 43) and promethium (atomic number 61) were synthesized by man before they were identified in nature. List of the Natural Elements Assuming 98 elements can be found, however briefly, in nature, there are 10 found in extremely minute amounts:  technetium, atomic number 43; promethium, number 61; astatine, number 85; francium, number 87; neptunium, number 93; plutonium, number 94; americium, number 95; curium, number 96; berkelium, number 97; and californium, number 98. Here is an alphabetical list of the natural elements: Element Name Symbol Actinium Ac Aluminum Al Antimony Sb Argon Ar Arsenic As Astatine At Barium Ba Beryllium Be Bismuth Bi Boron B Bromine Br Cadmium Cd Calcium Ca Carbon C Cerium Ce Cesium Cs Chlorine Cl Chromium Cr Cobalt Co Copper Cu Dysprosium Dy Erbium Er Europium Eu Fluorine F Francium Fr Gadolinium Gd Gallium Ga Germanium Ge Gold Au Hafnium Hf Helium He Hydrogen H Indium In Iodine I Iridium Ir Iron Fe Krypton Kr Lanthanum La Lead Pb Lithium Li Lutetium Lu Magnesium Mg Manganese Mn Mercury Hg Molybdenum Mo Neodymium Nd Neon Ne Nickel Ni Niobium Nb Nitrogen N Osmium Os Oxygen O Palladium Pd Phosphorus P Platinum Pt Polonium Po Potassium K Promethium Pm Protactinium Pa Radium Ra Radon Rn Rhenium Re Rhodium Rh Rubidium Rb Ruthenium Ru Samarium Sm Scandium Sc Selenium Se Silicon Si Silver Ag Sodium Na Strontium Sr Sulfur S Tantalum Ta Tellurium Te Terbium Tb Thorium Th Thallium Tl Tin Sn Titanium Ti Tungsten W Uranium U Vanadium V Xenon Xe Ytterbium Yb Yttrium Y Zinc Zn Zirconium Zr The elements are detected in stars, nebulas, and supernovae from their spectra. While pretty much the same elements are found on Earth compared to the rest of the universe, the ratios of the elements and their isotopes are different.

Who Is Worse Criminals Or Police - 1473 Words

Michael Hatem Dr. Kinnison English 10 February 29, 2016 Who is Worse: Criminals or Police? Do you think there is still racism in the world even today? Do you think racism has left the United States of America? Even after a being slave free country for more than 150 years? Have you ever thought , based on the color of your skin or what you believe, that you have a higher chance of being jumped, raped, or killed while walking on the street or in your home by another human. Imagine if this human was the person the country looks up at to protect the all neighborhoods and cities of the US. Police in the US are racist and discriminate against minorities. Policemen, especially white, have been notorious for killing African Americans,†¦show more content†¦He was deemed not armed and loaded and not dangerous but was shot and killed anyways. This is one of the more extreme cases of police being racist but there is many more small things that account for all the police racism. In Ferguson one and three white males stopped on the street are carrying contraband. One in five black males stopped on the street were carrying contraband. This shows that police are more suspicious with black males rather than white males. An African American policeman recently let the world know his standings on the racism within the police system, he starts off by saying, As a kid, I got used to being stopped by the police. I grew up in an inner-ring suburb of St. Louis. It was the kind of place where officers routinely roughed up my friends and family for no good reason I hated the way cops treated me. But I knew police weren’t all bad. One of my father’s closest friends was a cop. He became a mentor to me and encouraged me to join the force. He told me that I could use the police’s power and resources to help my community. He continues by talking about his experiences in the police force, So in 1994, I joined the St. Louis Police Department. I quickly realized how naive I’d been. I was floored by the dysfunctional culture I encountered. I won’t say all, but many of my peers were deeply racist. One example: A couple of officers ran a Web site called St.

The Anti-Slavery Movement in Early America free essay sample

Believe that we see some of the early seeds of the anti-slavery movement in the Pennsylvania Colony. William Penn founded this colony with the belief of religious freedom and liberal land policy. William Penn was a Quaker and they were Protestants who believed that Gods will was directly transmitted to people through the inner light of divine knowledge that a person possesses within his or her being.He owned slaves personally and allowed other colonist to do the same. Like most northern slaves, slaves in Pennsylvania were Fiscal used primarily as domestic workers. Although some Quakers spoke out publicly against slavery as early as 1 688, slavery lasted in Pennsylvania until the sass (Schultz, CHAPTER 3 Expansion and Its costs, 1660-1700 page 47, 2012). During the time of the American Revolution Delaware prohibited the importation of African Slaves in 1 776, followed by Virginia in 1778.However, Vermont become the first American Colony to abolish slavery altogether in 1777 (Wider History Group, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on The Anti-Slavery Movement in Early America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many religious persons coming to America were against slavery. These religious persons felt that slavery was a moral evil. However, slavery was felt as necessary evil for the economic development of many southern colonies and states. The Constitution prohibited importation of slaves, to begin in 1808, but again managed to do o without using the words slave or slavery. Slave trading became a capital offense in 1819. There existed a general feeling that slavery would gradually pass away (Wider History Group, 2012). We can see the beginning of the anti-slavery movement taking place within the northern colonies. One of the interesting parallels with this is that many of the Northern Colonies were developed with individual freedoms and many were established due to religious persecution in England. Whereas manySouthern Colonies were established primarily with the goal of a settlement which produced a profit, and were not very interested in non-English persons freedoms. We can see evidence of this with the Jamestown colony which was a Joint Stock Venture in which companies in London financed the settlements in exchange for the a share of the profits. This is where the two principal ideals for the colonies clashed, and where early anti-slavery movements began.

Technologies and instructions in the learning process

The emerging technologies have changed the general way of life of humankind. One of the factors that technology has had a serious bearing on is instruction. Instruction is very important in daily life of an individual. Instruction cannot be avoided, irrespective of one’s age, financial status or the position held in the society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Technologies and instructions in the learning process specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In one way or another, there will be an instruction that one would have to follow in order to get the desired results. To students, instruction is the way of life. Students have to follow instruction right from the time they set their foot into the school compound. There will be instruction on how to manage time, which place to be at specific times and many other issues that would require instructions to be followed. One of the main areas where instruction is vital to a student is when handling an exam, an assignment, or other such related activities. Success or failure of a student would start by following or failure to follow instruction. Technology has played a very important role in the process of delivering instructions. It is now possible to record an instruction in an audio-visual or in hard copes like in a paper, thanks to technology. A student can go through the recorded instruction severally in order to be acquainted with it and act within its perimeter. Technology has completely changed the way in which instruction is designed and delivered. It is an open truth that technology improves instruction. Shambaugh and Magliaro (2006) argue that a good instruction is one that is clear to the target audience, precise and easy to follow. Given the above attributes, technology would improve instruction by allowing the target audience the ability to go through the instruction a number of times to make it clearer. With the help of technology, the person delivering the instruction can make it shorter and precise for the recipient to understand it easily. Although a number of scholars have argued that the use of technology in instructions is just but a trend, there are strong signs that show that technology in instruction is here to stay. There cannot be a better way to formulate and deliver an instruction without using technology. It is true that the current technology being used to deliver instruction may change in future. However, this technology would come with better methods for formulation and delivery of instructions.Advertising Looking for essay on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reference Shambaugh, N. Magliaro, S. G. (2006). Instructional design: A systematic approach for reflective practice. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc. This essay on Technologies and instructions in the learning process was written and submitted by user Ulises F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space

Biography of Yuri Gagarin, First Man in Space Yuri Gagarin (March 9, 1934–March 27, 1968) made history on April 12, 1961, when he became both the first person in the world to enter space and the first person to orbit the Earth. Although he never again went to space, his achievement was one of the most significant events of the space race which eventually saw men land on the moon. Fast Facts: Yuri Gagarin Known For: First human being in space and first in Earth orbitBorn: March 9, 1934 in Klushino, USSRParents: Alexey Ivanovich Gagarin, Anna Timofeyevna GagarinaDied: March 27, 1968 in Kirsach, USSREducation: Orenburg Aviation School, where he learned to fly Soviet MiGsAwards and Honors: Order of Lenin, Hero of the Soviet Union, Pilot Cosmonaut of the Soviet Union; monuments were raised and streets named for him across the Soviet UnionSpouse: Valentina GagarinaChildren: Yelena (born 1959), Galina (born 1961)Notable Quote: To be the first to enter the cosmos, to engage single-handed in an unprecedented duel with nature- could anyone dream of anything greater than that? Early Life born in Klushino, a small village west of Moscow in Russia (then known as the Soviet Union). Yuri was the third of four children and spent his childhood on a collective farm where his father, Alexey Ivanovich Gagarin, worked as a carpenter and bricklayer and his mother, Anna Timofeyevna Gagarina, worked as a milkmaid. In 1941, Yuri Gagarin was just 7 years old when the Nazis invaded the Soviet Union. Life was difficult during the war and the Gagarins were kicked out of their home. The Nazis also sent Yuris two sisters to Germany to work as forced laborers. Gagarin Learns to Fly In school, Yuri Gagarin loved both mathematics and physics. He continued on to a trade school, where he learned to be a metalworker and then went on to an industrial school. It was at the industrial school in Saratov that he joined a flying club. Gagarin learned quickly and was obviously at ease in a plane. He made his first solo flight in 1955. Since Gagarin had discovered a love of flying, he joined the Soviet Air Force. Gagarins skills led him to the Orenburg Aviation School, where he learned to fly MiGs. On the same day he graduated from Orenburg with top honors in November 1957, Yuri Gagarin married his sweetheart, Valentina (Valy) Ivanovna Goryacheva. The couple eventually had two daughters together. After graduating, Gagarin was sent on some missions. However, while Gagarin enjoyed being a fighter pilot, what he really wanted to do was to go to space. Since he had been following the Soviet Unions progress in space flight, he was confident that soon his country would send a man into space. He wanted to be that man, so he volunteered to be a cosmonaut. Gagarin Applies to Be a Cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin was just one of 3,000 applicants to be the first Soviet cosmonaut. Out of this large pool of applicants, 20 were chosen in 1960 to be the Soviet Unions first cosmonauts; Gagarin was one of the 20. During the extensive physical and psychological testing required of the chosen cosmonaut trainees, Gagarin excelled at the tests while maintaining a calm demeanor as well as his sense of humor. Later, Gagarin would be chosen to be the first man into space because of these skills. (It also helped that he was short in stature since Vostok 1s capsule was small.) Cosmonaut trainee Gherman Titov was chosen to be the backup in case Gagarin was unable to make the first space flight. Launch of Vostok 1 On April 12, 1961, Yuri Gagarin boarded Vostok 1 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome. Although he was fully trained for the mission, no one knew if it was going to be a success or a failure. Gagarin was to be the very first human being in space, truly going where no man had gone before. Minutes before the launch, Gagarin gave a speech, which included: You must realize that it is hard to express my feeling now that the test for which we have been training long and passionately is at hand. I dont have to tell you what I felt when it was suggested that I should make this flight, the first in history. Was it joy? No, it was something more than that. Pride? No, it was not just pride. I felt great happiness. To be the first to enter the cosmos, to engage single handed in an unprecedented duel with nature- could anyone dream of anything greater than that? But immediately after that I thought of the tremendous responsibility I bore: to be the first to do what generations of people had dreamed of; to be the first to pave the way into space for mankind. * Vostok 1, with Yuri Gagarin inside, launched on schedule at 9:07 a.m. Moscow Time. Just after lift-off, Gagarin reputedly called out, Poyekhali! (Off we go!) Gagarin was rocketed into space using an automated system. Gagarin did not control the spacecraft during his mission; however, in case of an emergency, he could have opened an envelope left on board for the override code. He was not given the controls because many scientists were worried about the psychological effects of being in space (i.e. they were worried he would go mad). After entering space, Gagarin completed a single orbit around Earth. The Vostok 1s top speed reached 28,260 kph (about 17,600 mph). At the end of the orbit, Vostok 1 reentered the Earths atmosphere. When Vostok 1 was still about 7 km (4.35 miles) from the ground, Gagarin ejected (as planned) from the spacecraft and used a parachute to land safely. From launch (at 9:07 a.m.) to Vostok 1 touching down on the ground (10:55 a.m.) was 108 minutes, a number often used to describe this mission. Gagarin landed safely with his parachute about 10 minutes after Vostok 1 came down. The calculation of 108 minutes is used because the fact that Gagarin ejected from the spacecraft and parachuted to the ground was kept secret for many years. (The Soviets did this to get around a technicality about how flights were officially recognized at the time.) Right before Gagarin landed (near the village of Uzmoriye, near the Volga River), a local farmer and her daughter spotted Gagarin floating down with his parachute. Once on the ground, Gagarin, dressed in an orange spacesuit and wearing a large white helmet, terrified the two women. It took Gagarin a few minutes to convince them that he too was Russian and to direct him to the nearest phone. Death After his successful first flight into space, Gagarin never again was sent into space. Instead, he helped train future cosmonauts. On March 27, 1968, Gagarin was test-piloting a MiG-15 fighter jet when the plane plummeted to the ground, killing Gagarin instantly at the age of 34. For decades, people speculated about how Gagarin, an experienced pilot, could safely fly to space and back but die during a routine flight. Some thought he was drunk. Others believed that Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev wanted Gagarin dead because he was jealous of the cosmonauts fame. However, in June 2013, fellow cosmonaut, Alexey Leonov (the first man to  conduct a spacewalk), revealed that the accident was caused by a Sukhoi fighter jet that had been flying too low. Traveling at supersonic speed, the jet flew perilously close to Gagarins MiG, likely overturning the MiG with its backwash and sending Gagarins jet into a deep spiral. Legacy Nearly as soon as Gagarins feet touched the ground back on Earth, he became an international hero. His accomplishment was known around the globe. He had accomplished what no other human being had ever done before. Yuri Gagarins successful flight into space paved the way for all future space exploration. Sources Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. â€Å"Yuri Gagarin.† Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica.Biography.com, AE Networks Television. â€Å"Yuri Gagarin.†

Definition and Examples of Comparison in Composition

Definition and Examples of Comparison in Composition In composition, comparison is a  rhetorical strategy and method of organization in which a writer examines similarities and/or differences between two people, places, ideas, or things.Words and phrases that often signal a comparison include similarly, likewise, by comparison, by the same token, in like manner, in the same way, and in a similar fashion. Comparison (often referred to as comparison and contrast) is one of the classical rhetorical exercises known as the  progymnasmata. Comparison/Contrast Essays A Brother of St. Francis, by Grace RhysLaughter, by Joseph AddisonThe Lowest Animal, by Mark TwainLuxuries, by George AdeOf Youth and Age, by Francis BaconOn the Difference Between Wit and Humor, by Charles S. BrooksRed-Bloods and Mollycoddles, by G. Lowes DickinsonTwo Ways of Seeing a River, by Mark TwainWatching Baseball, Playing Softball, by Lubby Juggins Style Scrapbook Comparison in Laurie Lees AppetiteComparison in Sarah Vowells Place Description Etymology From the Latin, compare. Examples and Observations A car is useless in New York, essential everywhere else. The same with good manners.(Mignon McLaughlin, The Complete Neurotics Notebook. Castle Books, 1981)The truth of the matter was, the baby looked very much like a mouse in every way. He was only about two inches high; and he had a mouses sharp nose, a mouses tail, a mouses whiskers, and the pleasant, shy manner of a mouse. Before he was many days old he was not only looking like a mouse but acting like one, toowearing a gray hat and carrying a small cane.(E.B. White, Stuart Little. Harper, 1945)Must a powerful fairy like myself condescend to explain her doings to you who are no better than an ant by comparison, though you think yourself a great king?(Andrew Lang, The Wonderful Sheep. The Blue Fairy Book, 1889)Immigrants in Canada are . . . more culturally similar to the native population than immigrant groups in other nations. Canadian immigrants nationalize at very high rates. They participate in the labor force at rates similar to the native population; their unemployment is lower; their occupational prestige is similar; and their income is the same as the native population.(J.P. Lynch and R.J. Simon, Immigration the World Over. Rowman Littlefield, 2003)establish a clear basis for comparison;make a thorough and specific presentation; andprovide an effective arrangement for the material. Comparison and Contrast EssaysTo gain the most from your use of comparison and contrast, . . . you need to(W.J. Kelly, Strategy and Structure. Allyn and Bacon, 1999)Arranging Details in Comparison and Contrast EssaysOrdering detail in a comparison-contrast essay requires some thought. One possible arrangement is the block pattern whereby all the points about one subject are made (in a block) then all the points about the other subject are made (in a second block). . . .A second possible arrangement for the details of comparison-contrast is the alternating pattern, whereby a point is made for one subject, then for the other. A second point is made for the first subject, then for the other. This alternating pattern continues until all the points are made for both subjects. . . .In general, the block method works better for essays with fewer points of comparison or contrast that are not extensively developed . . ..An alternating pattern is usually a better choice for an essay with many points of comparison and contrast or an essay with extensively developed ideas.(Barbara Fine Clouse, Patterns for a Purpose. McGraw-Hill, 2003) Complaining vs. MoaningVisitors to Britain are rarely able to graspsometimes after decades of residencythe vital distinction its inhabitants make between complaining and moaning. The two activities seem similar, but there is a profound philosophical and practical difference. To complain about something is to express dissatisfaction to someone whom you hold responsible for an unsatisfactory state of affairs; to moan is to express the same thing to someone other than the person responsible. The British are powerfully embarrassed by complaining, and experience an almost physical recoil from people who do it in public. They do love to moan though. The background music of British life is a running aria of moaning about pretty much everythingour weather, our politics, our permanently under-performing national sports teams, our reality-TV-obsessed media, and so on. Moaning, a source of entertainment in its own right, is also an important psychic comfort blanket, a way of venting resentment without taking responsibility for effecting change.(John Lanchester, Party Games. The New Yorker, June 7, 2010) European Football vs. American FootballAlthough European football is the parent of American football, the two games show several major differences. European football, sometimes called association football or soccer, is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most widely played sport in the world. American football, on the other hand, is popular only in the United States and Canada. Soccer is played by 11 players with a round ball. Football, also played by 11 players in somewhat different positions on the field, uses an elongated round ball. Soccer has little body contact between players, and therefore requires no special protective equipment. Football, in which players make maximum use of body contact to block a running ball carrier and his teammates, requires special headgear and padding. In soccer, the ball is advanced toward the goal by kicking it or by butting it with the head. In football, on the other hand, the ball is passed from hand to hand across the opponents goal. These are just a few of the features that distinguish association and American football.(student paragraph, Football and Soccer) A Sexist Interlude by Bill Bryson: Women vs. Men at the Checkout CounterAlthough the store had only just opened, the food hall was busy and there were long queues at the tills. I took a place in a line behind eight other shoppers. They were all women and they all did the same mystifying thing: They acted surprised when it came time to pay. This is something that has been puzzling me for years. Women will stand there watching their items being rung up, and then when the till lady says, Thats four pounds twenty, love, or whatever, they suddenly look as if theyve never done this sort of thing before. They go Oh! and start rooting in a flustered fashion in their handbag for their purse or checkbook, as if no one had told them that this might happen.Men, for all their many shortcomings, like washing large pieces of oily machinery in the kitchen sink or forgetting that a painted door stays wet for more than thirty seconds, are generally pretty good when it comes to paying. They spend their time in line doing a wallet inventory and sorting through their coins. When the till person announces the bill, they immediately hand over an approximately correct amount of money, keep their hands extended for the change however long it takes or however foolish they may begin to look if there is, say, a problem with the till roll, and thenmark thispocket their change as they walk away instead of deciding that now is the time to search for the car keys and reorganize six months worth of receipts.(Bill Bryson, Notes From a Small Island. William Morrow, 1995 Pronunciation: kom-PAR-eh-son Also Known As: comparison and contrast

Sombrero Case study Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Sombrero Case study - Assignment Example The total monthly fix expenditures for the entire business venture is six thousands seven hundred UAE Dirham (UAEDh 6,700). The total operating expense is ten thousands three hundred UAE Dirham (UAEDh 10,300). The entire expenditure is seventeen thousands UAE Dirham (UAEDh 17,000). Without any marketing budget mentioned, the only drawing power of the SOMBRERO venture is its price. Without any comparative data about any competition that is mentioned in the study, the only indication for the competitiveness of the SOMBRERO fruit drink price is its raw material cost versus price ratio which is about four hundred percentile (400%). However, including the other direct operation cost the cost to price percentile would be at fifty nine percentile (59%). The small revenue as compared to the cost would indicate that it is competitive. Fruit Drinks do not have any cultural sensitivity that is why no matter the race or even the origin of any potential customer its acceptability would always be high. The trend amongst young adults particularly those attending college is to live healthy. This would include drinking less carbonated drinks and reverting back to fruit drinks. This translates to a steady stream of customers from the University during school days which could increase the potential sales at that time. A steadier income that will be provided by mall visitors three hundred thousand potential customers is much more promising. Considering that the Mall is the only one of its kind within the area there will be no competition as far as Mall market share is concerned. The only issue now is the visibility of the SOMBRERO booth. It should be noted that the booth is located in the food court of the Mall this will provide a common area where solid foods will be served. Solid foods or main courses has a requisite of a liquid intake this would make the SOMBRERO booth’s location essential. There will always be a demand for food every day from

Attacking Child Poverty Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Attacking Child Poverty - Essay Example 1). Marshall suggests that the USA ignores the issue of childhood poverty when announcing its economic achievements, and when comparing these achievements to other capitalist nations. However, the rapidly increasing rate of childhood poverty in the USA is breaking with stereotypes of the situation. For example, regardless of ethnicity, White, Black and Latino figures are increasing at a similar rate (Sherman, , p.2). Also, there appears to be more incidence of childhood poverty amongst suburban and rural children than those in metropolitan areas (Sherman, ). The thesis statement for this paper is: Child welfare policies are outdated lacking a pro-social approach to prevent poverty. This paper will present a synthesis of articles that critique policies targeting childhood poverty, and will provide an analysis of those policies and the recommendations put forward by the articles. Firstly, a definition of poverty will be presented. Secondly, USA policies aimed at halting childhood poverty will be assessed. Next, recommendations to change the situation of childhood poverty the will be outlined and evaluated. Finally, a conclusion shall show how this review and critique has answered the thesis statement. The definition of poverty as decided by the government of the USA is set by the Census Bureau and considers the income of families with children and their size, with adjustments for consumer inflation (Sherman, ). For example, a family of four is believed to be living in poverty if the family income is less than $14 335 per year; for a family of two their income would need to be less than $ 9 137 per year to be thought of as living in poverty (Sherman, , p. 1). Hence, other industrialized nations appear to have less distance between their socio-economic classes and this enables their poor to maintain a higher standard of living as compared to those in poverty in the USA. The child welfare system appears to lack

Tall nettles by Edward Thomas Essay Example for Free

Tall nettles by Edward Thomas Essay The narrator of this poem, which is written in two quatrains, describes a corner of the farmyard in which tall nettles cover old farm implements and suggests that he likes it because it is a reminder of mutability (liability to change) and the transience of life. The first stanza tells us that the nettles tower over the implements, except for the roller handle, as if they want to assert the supremacy of life and hide the fact that even things made from the most obdurate materials are subject to change and will eventually disappear. Yet, it is implied, the nettles grow in spring and will die in due course and what is now hidden will be revealed once again. The words cover up mean the nettles grow over but also imply attempt to conceal. The stanza also poses the paradox that truth can be revealed through illusion. The illusion here is that life is triumphant, as we know that the implements are lying under the nettles and will be revealed once again when the nettles themselves die and the illusion will be revealed for what it is also. The painting assonance of the short -u- vowels in cover, done, rusty and butt, together with the frequent pauses between the items in the list, convey an impression of exhaustion and reinforces the notion of something that is moribund or very near death. In the second stanza, the narrator explains why he likes this corner of the farmyard most. He tells us that he likes the dust on the nettles a reminder of mortality which is never finally removed although temporarily washed off by the showers that may briefly refresh but otherwise make no difference at all (it is an illusion that they do). He makes it clear that he has no unnatural liking for death by saying that he also likes the bloom (covering of fine powder, here representing the fullness of life) on flowers. However, the yoking of bloom and dust, and  dismissive tone of the word any, suggests that he knows the bloom will disappear also, and the flowers become dust, just as will the nettles when they die. The longer, more euphonious vowels (I, bloom-prove, flower-shower, sweetness), the inversion of the usual word order in the first line, the mellifluous flow of words, and the repeated admission that he likes certain things, convey an impression of sincerity and warmth, which in turn suggests how much he values the lesson he has learnt from this otherwise neglected and insignificant part of the farmyard. In this context, then, it becomes clear that the word nettles in the title (nettles are a stinging plant) is ambiguous and refers not only to the plants that are covering the implements but also to the principles of mutability and transience which are hidden be the nettles, and which people find hard to contemplate because it is not easy to accept the inevitability of death.

Defining a True Photographic Essay -- Photography Photograph Essays

The â€Å"True† Photographic Essay We live in a world bombarded by photographs. Whether it is advertisements, news, art, fashion, or propaganda, photographs are widely considered the most powerful form of representation. However, not all collections of photographs can be given the title of a â€Å"true† photographic essay. Even visual rhetoric theorists stipulate various requisites for this name. So then†¦what is a â€Å"true† photographic essay? To rightfully earn this title, the photos need to be accompanied by a text. But not just any text. Photo theorist W.J.T. Mitchell agrees with writer James Agee that co-equality is a central formal requirement for the photographic essay (290). The first requirement for the true photo-essay is that there needs to be a â€Å"balance† between the text and the visual in power, reference, and layout design. In terms of power, neither the text nor the visual can dominate the other. For example, an effective photographic essay would not be a combination of photos taken by Dorothea Lange with a text written by a junior high school student. Dorothea Lange’s professionalism, developed through a process of technical education, hands-on experience, and multifaceted influences, drastically exceeds the writings of a young student, whose only technical education has been a Keyboarding class, whose hands-on experiences have been the English teacher’s book reports, and whos e multifaceted influences have been the pressures of his adolescent cohorts. Although this example is a rather extreme case, it is used to explain that if either the text or the visual overpowers the other, the imbalance denies it the title of a â€Å"true† photographic essay. Moreover, the same is true when speaking of reference. In several b... ...hat the text can do that the visual could never do, and vice versa, but their collaboration stimulate question and interpretation, creating a dialogue in the viewer’s mind. There is power in the union of the text and the visual. Nonetheless, we live in a high-speed, technological age where time equals money, and taking the time to read is expensive. So we must adapt. For photo-essays to be effective in the contemporary world, the text and the visual have to balance power, reference, and design. They have to be able to stand independently, and at the end collaborate in perfect synergy to create the â€Å"true† photographic essay. Works Cited Blakesley, David, Collin Brooke. â€Å"Visual Rhetoric.† Enculturation 3:2 (2001): 2-4. Mitchell, W.J. Thomas. Picture Theory: Essays on Verbal and Visual Representation. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1994.

Informations Management

Systems and Management Contents Executive Summary The reports sets about assessing HA Loge's current business operation both in the UK and India, this done by utilizing three analysis tools, SOOT analysis, PESTLE analysis and Porters Fiver Forces analysis. From the SOOT analysis the reports highlights several key points, which includes the potential of overseas sales in emerging economies and the benefits of having manufacturing faculties in India.The lack of developed e-commerce and the poor utilization of information technology advances have been highlighted as one of the biggest weakness of HA Loge's. The PESTLE analysis has shown that while traditional consumer (local councils) have less money to spend and sales may decline In the short term, the opportunities from a new ‘Affluent Achievers' market holds great promise. The desire for going ‘green' In both social attitudes and wider environmental laws is also an opportunity that can be exploited for HA Loge's gains.Por ters Five Forces has highlighted that threat of new entrants is high because the Entry barrier is high as many competitors try to earn market share in the business of street furniture. The bargaining power of buyers mains high due to councils trying to get the lowest price possible and high number companies who are sharing / or trying to enter the same market. Threat of substitute products remains low because of the high saturation of competitors producing similar products. Bargaining power of suppliers is also low thanks to the adduce of manufacturers offering highly competitive prices and low specialization within the market.A new IT portfolio has also been recommend for HA Loge's to implement, this includes a complete overhaul of the current ageing IT systems and new website as long as an active social media engagement. A new ERP is vital for HA Loge's future and it has been recommended that SAP be implemented across the company and a new website that will help increase sale with in the ‘Affluent Achievers' market. The risks of implementing such changes has also been factored in and explored in details, with the potential of possible issues occurring, such as staff training and skills.The effect that the new portfolio will have on both the suppliers and customers of HA Loge's has also been explored and in conjunction with the implementation timeshare, has highlighted the need for a well organized and structured phasing to the new systems. The recommendation is that HA Loge's take a multi phased approach to implementing the new systems that includes a pre-stage of evaluation of staff and their ability to use the new systems and a comprehensive training program .This will be followed by a trial run of the new systems, a soft and partial changeover and then finally a complete switch to the new system, whilst keeping the old systems for 2-3 months as a backup. Following the situational analysis of HA Loge's current business and the assessment of its IT req uirements, our recommendations on what HA Loge's requires for the future will allow it to succeed ND grow into new markets and remain profitable for the following years. 1 . Situational Analysis and Strategic Direction 1. 1 . SOOT Analysts 1. . 1 Strengths As it can be seen from the above table, H. A Logon & Sons, are in an advantageous situation compared to other companies, especially in the United Kingdom. The fact that the company was established since 1952 and has shown stability economically through time allows the opportunity to create a very strong and powerful name. The brand potential can allow immediate expansion and takeover of the U. K market rely due to its relationship with the local councils and the existing top of quality product range they have.The market is growing and the low competition may allow the company to become market leaders. The Polls group have conducted a market analysis which shows that a lot of the street furniture companies are under immediate dange r (Pillions, 2014). The possession of the Indian factory reduces the cost and provides a better advantage on the pricing of the products since they can be offered at lower prices. The weaknesses described in the SOOT analysis can be fully exploited and used to the company's advantage.The creation of a website and use of social networking will allow easier market penetration and provide easier and cost effective means to reach the target segmentations. It is however noteworthy that the relationship between the H. Q. In India and U. K should be worked on, as this can be beneficial to the client. Better organizational behavior would effectively mean a better working environment and consequently more efficient production. The operations management could be well benefited from such a change. . 1. 3 Opportunities The opportunities created since the budget for immediate reformation came into existence are extensive in various directions. By creating a patriotic slogan, it will enable the e nhancement of the company's image, thus gaining an advantage over other competitors, especially since the major clients of the investigating market are the councils. One can argue that here is no better way to spend the tax payer's money to a native company with a lot of history of consistent quality and relations.The Lugubrious University can be funded in PhD to offer extensive research on LED Lighting. Especially since LED lighting market is about to increase by 20% McKinney&Company, 2012) and surpass 20 billion USED by 2020 (Technology, 2014). Biding may be done in the Chinese projects ready to be released in 2017. This is due to the fact that the Chinese government had a problem with the already installed LED Lighting and are expected to replace the lighting introduced. 0-15 to street lighting companies will be able to bid on the project (Magazine, 2007-2014). There is the chance to enter the Chinese market with an upgraded and more professional image. A more environmental frien dly approach will attract attention. 1. 1. 4 Threats Even though threats may not be originated from the immediate environment, a company that is trying to expand globally needs to evaluate any potential threat worldwide. The growing expertise of U. S and China on LED lighting may be proven difficult to reach.However with effective research, the knowledge can be obtained and surpass the existing threats. There is growing competition in the Far East and these companies may be favored and correctly encountered. In conclusion, H. A Logon & Sons can expand in other markets such as the Chinese market. They can reach the market segmentation ‘affluent achievers' through proper marketing and anally they can even expand in the direction of street advertising with minimum costs but great profits.This can be achieved because street furniture is already sold in the local councils. Advertising is a very powerful tool for expansion as it can provide instant change in profits and promotion of the company. This idea is already exploited by Caduceus, a French company Caduceus, 2014) and the market is suspected to reach 35. 5 billion USED by 2016 (Edition, 2014). Key factors for this increase are arbitration, meliorating global economy and digital out of home advertising. 1. 2. PESTLE AnalysisTechnological Technological Improvements Company's spending on R (PhD) Access to newest technology Social Media (development & Usage) Socio-cultural Educational Level CEO – friendly habits Turning into Charity Organizations 0 Corporate Social Responsibility (Eunice or other corporations) New market Different culture organizational Culture (India Manufacture) Population growth Attitudes towards saving and investing ‘Affluent Achievers' Attitudes towards product quality and customer service Political Government regulations Economic policies Tax policy Trade restrictions Economic Inflation rateI-J is growing economically so more spending to normal products. (Business Economi cs) China ready to offer projects (LED lights? ) Exchange rates (entering global market) Fiscal policies (India) Growth rates Labor cost minimized Trade flows and patterns (PhD) Environmental Recycling Waste management Attitude toward ‘green' or ecological products Legal Law that affects the business environment in Asia Vs. law in the UK Industry specific regulations e-commerce From deducting a PESTLE analysis three major points can be derived and should be exploited. Firstly, countries nowadays are trying to be as CEO-friendly as possible.The CEO-friendly awareness is increasingly more popular, therefore the company should follow an environmental approach. By producing street furniture or more products in particular street lighting that indeed are environmental friendly, the company can attract buyers. Entering an CEO-friendly mode will show sensitivity company. Thus the councils will be more attracted to the company's products since they will benefit from the CEO-friendly ap proach. Secondly, the current recession is fading away and the coming years will be marked with an economic boom since England is recovering effectively from the economic crisis (Oxalate, 2013).The increase in income will provide increase in demand as there is a positive relationship between the two variables. This would inevitably mean that the market of the ‘affluent achievers' will also increase and this is the market that Loge's should concentrate on. A report by the ALGA shows that between 2011 and 201 5 spending cuts will amount to 33% in real terms. It is clear to see that the previous strong consumer base in local councils may falter and as a source of revenue may not be growing, least not in the short term. Therefore Loge's should be more aggressive with contract bidding.This also leads to a secondary point that out cash flow in the short term maybe less and more opportunities must be sought out, as well as a better financing (Association, 2013). Thirdly, political fa ctors are defined as political issues which can occur in the company, in the areas where the company is operating, both nationwide and worldwide. The effect on business and legislation can be done by political changes and globalization. Government regulations, tax policy and trade restrictions are the main factors that should be taken into notice.Finally, technology is rapidly developing, especially in countries as USA and China hat are more advanced in markets of LED lighting or even street advertising. By investing in technology and creating Research and Development support teams, the company may expertise in LED Lighting sector and can increase its product range such as including interactive panels, which allow advertising to occur. The company may not be directly involved with the advertising but they can actually sell or rent the panels to the local councils.The councils can choose whether to advertise events or other companies for personal profit. The PESTLE analysis did not r aise any flags to any legal concerns or any other matter of the type. 1. 3. Porter five forces The threat of new entrants is high. The company is a market leader in I-J and competitors abroad, bigger companies that have better technological equipment and are trying to earn market share in the business of street furniture. They also have better relationships with councils abroad, since Loge's company has relationships mainly in UK and isn't established long enough abroad.Furthermore, these companies can take advantage of their bigger brand awareness and make agreements more easily than Lagan's company. However, Supply -Side economies of scale are exploited for Loge's since they own their supply factory. This spreads the fixed costs over more units. This deters entry by forcing the ‘aspired entrant' to come in the industry on a large scale production or accept a cost disadvantage. Finally incumbency advantages are independent of size. This effectively means that H. A. Loge's are not easily threatened by potential entrants due to their geographic location Cobber, 2010).The bargaining power of suppliers is low. The company has the opportunity to collaborate with many manufacturers as suppliers, which allows the company to easily make an agreement with another supplier. There is sufficiency f raw materials, which doesn't allow suppliers to have monopoly on them. Bulk buying can be used and this will result in having discount in price during purchasing. The bargaining power of buyers is high due to the large volume of business agreements between the company and the councils for a wide range of products. Failing at the negotiations with the councils can result in losing a wide range of business projects.Their high power gives them the allowance to force down prices and the Loge's company shall accept it since there is the threat of their competitors. The threat of substitute products is low. All companies in the street furniture business manufacture almost the same products and there are no known substitutes. LED lights and panels could be characterized as substitute products, but there aren't brought in the East Midlands market yet (assumption). In the case that the substitutes are considered high, Loge's should distance itself from substitutes through product performance and marketing.The threat of intense segment rivalry is high. In UK during the last years many companies were obliged to exit the street furniture market because of the economic crisis. The companies that survived Loge's company), managed to dominate in the I-J market, but as it seems lately there is an increasing number of big companies from abroad that are trying to enter and invest in this market. â€Å"Rivalry is especially destructive to profitability if it gravitates solely to price because price competition transfers profits directly from an industry to its customers†.The new market of ‘affluent achievers' will likely draw new entrants due to the chan ce of exploitation. Care should be considered to avoid the above statement. Although H. A Loge's will be the first to enter they should do so in a manner that will allow them to establish their network with brand recognition, excellence in customer service and price stability (E. Porter, 2008). 2. Metrics,'Kip At H Logan, attention has always been paid mostly to their financial metrics as opposed to the inputs that drive the numbers.In this section, other possible performance metrics will be discussed according to the new proposed strategy plan. Financial metrics are like descriptive statistics and says something unique about a characteristic of the whole body of data that might not be obvious from merely reviewing individual finance figures (Tax, 2009). Firms and management require an objective way to measure performance so more often than not, it's easier to go straight into the result and forgetting to measure also what led to those results.Financial metrics are useful but should n't be used on its own because financial performance is a result or consequence of something else (Tax, 2009). Operating metrics are the inputs that correlate or drive the desired outcome, if more attention is paid to the operating metrics then financial outputs wouldn't be a big issue for the organization. Examples of these operating metrics include customer satisfaction, customer repetition, customer referral rate, quality of product etc. This is the aspect of metrics this report will focus on (Tax, 2009). 2. 1 . New Proposed Strategy for H.Logan More friendly environmental products(CEO-friendly products) Exploitation of the ‘Affluent Achievers' market Investment in research and development team Extension/Reduction in product line Adequate HER staff to deal with staff issues/concerns especially the issue between the Indian office and the WHQL Set clear goals and objectives Encourage customer and staff feedback Possible reduction in staff from both branches(the I-J and India) and training the Taft removed from the office to become call centre staff where they can deal with customer enquiries, queries, complaints and orders (e-commerce) Provision of services, e. . Offering delivery and installation services etc. Website, proper marketing strategy Introduction of new IT software (SAP software) 2. 2. Potential New Metrics for H. Logan Metrics are used for a variety of reasons. Metrics such as market share, sales increases, margins, and customer satisfaction surveys enable firms to take stock of where they are now and where they want to be in the future (Houses & Katz, 1998). Hauser and Katz, 1998 suggest that every metric will affect actions and decisions whether used mainly to influence behavior, to evaluate future strategies, or to take stock.An ideal metrics system should be tied to overall profit, apply to all employees and be designed to encourage extra effort, however if stretched to the limit can result in counter-productive actions. Relating these metrics back to H. Logan, below is an ideal list of what metrics should be measured in their company. Measurement of how their products and services are perceived in the market- this an be done by market research to determine if people view their products as high end luxury or affordable but quality products etc.Measure how much these ‘affluent achievers' are willing to spend on lighting and how often they purchase household goods. Organization views it as well. Find out what the customers want- by measuring how often they repeat orders, refer the organization's products to their friends and family, or how often they cancel orders, and how many customers never return to H. Logan to buy goods. The Voice of the Employee- this can be measured by finding out what the employees ant, what they value. This can lead to enabling employees make decisions and take actions that they know are going to be necessary to achieve their metrics-based goals.A balanced score card system will be im plemented in the next part to get fair balance of the new metrics to be measured. 2. 3. Balanced Scorecard A balanced scorecard is a strategic management system used to align business activities to the vision and strategy of the organization, improve internal and external communications, and monitor organization performance against strategic goals (Kaplan & Norton, 2007). The balanced scorecard is a management system that enables organizations to clarify their vision and strategy and translate them into action.It provides feedback around both the internal business processes and external outcomes in order to continuously improve strategic performance and results. When fully deployed, the balanced scorecard transforms strategic planning from an academic exercise into the nerve centre of an enterprise. The balanced scorecard suggests that we view the organization from four perspectives, and to develop metrics, collect data and analyze it relative to each of these perspectives which inc lude: The learning and growth perspective- This entails employee training and corporate cultural attitudes related to both individual and corporate self- improvement.It is the most essential foundation for the success of any organization. The business process perspective- this allows the managers to know how well their business is performing and if it matches their customer requirements. This system should be implemented by those who know the system inside and out. The customer perspective-customer focus and perspective is important in any organization and most organizations are beginning to realize the importance of their customers. If customers aren't satisfied, it is likely that they will find those suppliers/ organizations that satisfy them.So measuring what customers want and like the type of customers they are and the processes that need to be followed is essential. The financial perspective- this is the traditional way of measuring metrics but still useful in measuring the ad ditional financial-related data, such as risk assessment The learning and Growth perspective The business process Perspective The customer The financial goals. Measurement of how much the ‘affluent achievers' are willing to spend on lighting ND how often they purchase household goods.Measurement of how their products and services are perceived in the market place by carrying out a market research to determine if people view their products as high-end luxury or affordable but quality products etc. Do the consumers view the products ‘attributes as the same attributes the organization views it as well. Find out what the customers want by measuring how often they repeat orders, refer the organization's products to their friends and family, or how often they cancel orders, and how many customers never return to H.A. Loge's to buy goods. How much is available to spend on the new strategy and development. If there isn't adequate funding, how will the organization source for fun ds. How much profitability lies in the development of the new developments/ strategy/plan. Measurement of how much the new systems will cost and how to priorities the funding of the new system. Measurement of the cost of training staff, R costs and risk assessment. Measurement of the cost of marketing and developing new website. . Portfolio of Systems 3. 1 . Portfolio Enterprise Resource Planning can be crucial to a business, especially one as out- dated as this. As in any other business, processes essential to its success include inventory and order management, accounting, human resources and customer relationship management. At its most basic level ERP Software ‘integrates these various functions into one complete system to streamline the process and information across the entire organization' (Devonshire, 2014).First and foremost the company needs to invest in the current website as it is over 10 years old. In today's technological age, online content is more vital than eve r so as not to fall behind. The Internet is the way most potential customers will search for H. A Logon & sons and if market emphasizes their greater need to invest in this part of the business. Loge's finds itself under intensive pressure from new competition abroad, so they must have some sort of product differentiation to really show prospective customers what they are all about.They should also look to add a separate section to the website specifically for the home solutions potential market. They are what kept the business going when their competitors disappeared and it fits in very well with the strategy to exploit the ‘Affluent Achievers' market. This is a new market opportunity and one that must be seized so H. A Logon & sons can progress to the next level. Due to the cost and long-term maintenance of the website, it would be appropriate to outsource the website production and maintenance too professional company.The company will also need to invest in new IT systems b ecause what exists has been running for over 35 years and has become increasingly unstable. It is important to realize that ‘an ERP system that is not the right fit tends to weigh down the entire organization' (lyre, 2012), this is why we have taken special care in narrowing down possible systems the company could use such as Oracle, Sage and SAP. Oracle represents more of an integrated system, while Sage pride themselves on the ease of use but the most suitable system for H. A Logon & Sons is the ‘SAP business objects solutions' system.This we believe brings a far more holistic process to the table and helps solve some of the problems they have now and reduce the overall cost that comes with implementation. SAGE and Oracle might be better at certain aspects but the SAP system is more consistent across the board as the feature analysis (table 1 below) depicts. ‘The evaluation of the ERP process must consider usability as a critical success factor' (lyre, 2012) and this is what the SAP system ensures. It provides an intuitive means to unify the information that business users need for their daily activities.It eliminates the need to access multiple applications, providing relevant information form a central location'. This as we can see will already eliminate the problem the company has had over the years where they have to input the same data several times because some systems aren't integrated. It comes with ‘Large Scale information distribution', which is very useful as the company has bases in both England and India. This helps because the platform supports distribution of content o up to 1 million recipients and allows the workers have all they need available to them.The most important integration this system brings is helping the company make decisions based on the whole picture. As mentioned earlier, ERP integrates many aspects such as HER, operations etc. The problem with this is that we tend to gain individual views based on the se aspects but the SAP system gives a ‘unified view of the businesses and enables its users to gain fresh new perspectives. Using the Package approach is beneficial as it's cheaper and can be tailored to the needs of the company. Weightings SAP SAGE Oracle

Deconstruction Final

Leadership's contingency theory focuses on the importance of a leader related to heir situation, (Morehouse 2010, p. 123); transformational theory focuses on a process that changes and transforms people, (Morehouse 2010, p. 200); and authentic leadership focuses on leadership being morally grounded and responsive to needs, (Morehouse 2010, p. 237). Aristotle Rhetoric discusses how a leader must be able to observe and discern what persuasion might be effective using deferent internal arguments. Aristotle defines pathos as emotions of the listener, ethos as character of the speaker and logos as logic or reason.Leaders must master rhetoric skills In both written and verbal communications to succeed. Immunization that strikes a positive chord with the listener Is Important in order to guide a team to achieve a goal. Each leader in 12 Angry Men and Dead Poets Society had a clear goal and understood how to drive their group that goal. 12 Angry Men is in a sass's courtroom, where 12 men fro m various backgrounds and different personalities, find themselves deciding the fate of a teenage boy accused of murdering his father.The vote must be unanimous and without doubt, with a guilty verdict resulting in the death of the young man facing trial. Dead Poets Society Is In a 1 puffs all male boarding school, (Walton Academy), which prides Itself on excellence, tradition, honor, and discipline. Walton Is rolled In Its' educational methods and Is not open to today's ‘talking outside the box' mentality. John Keating is a new poetry professor and a Walton alumnae, who wants to Inspire Nils young men to KICK at ten world Transiently, to â€Å"suck ten marrow out AT life†, (Oxford University Press USA, 2011), and find their own place in the world.With 12 Angry Men, Juror #8, (Fond), was not the assigned Jury leader but emerged as the primary leader within minutes of the group sequester. Fond's situation allowed his leadership traits to apply with success. Fond's leader ship was due to his ethical need for a Jury decision without reasonable doubt. Fond is authentic when presenting his reasoning for the not guilty vote. After casting the single not guilty vote, Fond used inductive reasoning to ask questions that triggered a battery of emotional and logical discussions ensuing internally and externally with each man.Fond appealed to each of the 11 other Jurors by asking probing questions and his first being â€Å"l Just want to talk†¦. Let's not easy to raise my hand and send a boy off to die without talking about it first† (Lumen, 1957). This inductive statement is also an appeal to emotions of others, asking them to engage before making such a pivotal life decision. Fond was using pathos or emotions to persuade. This results in the group allowing a one-hour deliberation before taking a second vote. Fond requested the second vote be secret ballot, showing his supportive skill, to allow those not quite comfortable to vote their conscience .Juror #9, (Sweeney), is the first to change his vote to not guilty, basing it solely upon Fond's single stand signifying character the eldest of the group. Fond was using ethos or hereafter to persuade. After Sweeney's not guilty vote, Fond continues his appeal using logical arguments, presented in a manner that promote respect of others, statements as â€Å"suppose that†¦. † And â€Å"is it possible. Fond is appealing to those quieter, possibly of lower social status and unsure to voice their thoughts.Fond's rhetoric of emotion, character, and logic appeals to each Juror in differently and draws them into to his goal of discussing the trial and ensuring their decision is without doubt. Fond begins to gain their respect and supportive input into the discussions. Juror #5, (Clunking), relates to the accused as he grew up in similar situation and once he moved to reasonable doubt, assists in logically arguments with how a switchblade knife is used. Clunking physically ac ts out how a person would use a switchblade. Fond transforms other Jurors into leaders and supporters of reasonable doubt argument.Fond questions the fact that the knife used to kill the father is unique, he wonders if there could be other similar knives to the group. The knife that killed the father is brought to the Jurors and as the group discuss its' uniqueness. Fond resents a second knife identical to the knife of evidence. This one act of logic presents reasonable doubt. Another example of logical argument is the eyeglass marks on the female witnesses' nose. The female witness identifies the young man at night as the murderer; noise awoke her and she saw the young man from her window. The female witness had nose marks but no glasses during the trial.Fond asks Juror #4, (Marshall), who wears eyeglasses if anything else besides glasses could make nose marks like found on the female witness. Marshall says no. As Fond gathers support, en moves Trot Inactive to actively reasoning W alt social arguments, presents more passion and his own thoughts causing reasonable doubt. An example of his passion is specific to El train argument. Fond goes to great lengths on asking if someone is able to hear other noises over the El Train, if there was enough time for the elderly male witness to make it from his bed to the door while the El Train passed.Fond counts off the length the elderly male witness would have to walk from his bedroom to the apartment door, would the old man be able to make the distance in the time of the El train passing. This is an appeal to logic and contradicting to the witnesses' statement. Fond exhibits contingency theory aspects, maneuvering through the discussions with the other Jurors, due to his position of power because of logical arguments. Fond rewards or punishes Jurors based on their level of support with his attention level.Fond accepted a cough drop from Juror #2, (Fiddler), but refused gum from juror #7, (Warden); offered water to Sween ey but not to Juror #10, (Begley). 12 Angry Men is biased in presentation, (I. E. All white male Jury, Puerco Rican/ minority accused, effectiveness of America's Judicial system, Juror personal biases), and within some of Fond's arguments, (I. . Ignoring some aspects of discussions). Each Juror also brought some personal bias to the story: Juror #g's (Cob) intolerance of most anything or Juror #ass's, (Begley), racists aspect of us/them mentality.Fond's character bias appears through ignoring of topics he did not agree with or did not help his reasonable doubt argument, (ignoring the thought of sunglasses also causing nose marks the same as eyeglasses). With Dead Poets Society John Keating was a leader due to his situation of being a Walton Academy professor. At the same time, his leadership is contingent upon the needs of his ‘key students. Todd is new to Walton but is following in his older brother's valedictorian status, which causes self-doubt. Neil desires control over hi s own life but his father is dismissive and overbearing.Charlie is the most outspoken of the group but desires more freedom. Knox is painfully shy. Keating starts his first class off extraordinary; challenging students to think for themselves, be daring, communicating they are powerful men who have a wonderful life to live. Settings first class is interactive and passionate; he is interested in the boys and their thoughts. Keating presents poetry in a different light; it is what ascribes humans. Keating challenges the boys to live life to the fullest by showing them past alumnae pictures and stating, â€Å"They're not that different from you, are they?Same haircuts. Full of hormones, Just like you. Invincible, Just like you feel. The world is their oyster. They believe they're destined for great things, Just like many of you; their eyes are full of hope, Just like you. Did they wait until it was too late to make from their lives even one iota of what they were capable? † (Hok iest Dead Poets Society, 2011). This question alone invokes emotion and logic, which are woo of Aristotle internal arguments, (pathos, and logos). He is appealing to their youth to KICK toward transformation of all. ten Torture.I Nils Deigns ten teacher-student connection Ana Keating is interesting to the boys. The boys find Seating's old yearbook where he has Dead Poets Society, (DIPS), as an activity, which prompts them to ask about it. Keating tells the boys is it a secret club where boys meet in a nearby cave to read poetry, discover life and become true to themselves. Neil decides that the group should start DIPS up again, find their own place in the world, allowing poetry to inspire. The boys initiate a new DIPS, with Todd Joining as long as he does not have to read poetry aloud.Keating is using inspired motivation to enable his students to grow and expand their minds beyond the rigid Walton walls. DIPS is a method allowing the boys to challenge their own beliefs and be creati ve, which is intellectual stimulation. DIPS meetings ensue in a nearby cave at night where the groups of boys begin to read poetry, share their thoughts and dreams, discuss subjects, allow rebellious behavior, and bond. This is a step in team building, support, and starting to lead heir own lives. The boys are building trust, collaboration, and are transforming into leaders of themselves.As the movie progresses, Keating gains more stamina and enthusiasm because of the boys' responses. Keating uses unorthodox yet inspiring ways of pushing the boys to self-awareness and thinking for themselves. Keating presents how individuals in a group conform without awareness by having the boys march as a group, at first discordant, but soon in unison. Keating berates Todd to create a poem off the cuff in front of the class and Todd succeeds. Keating expresses his pride with Toddy's success: â€Å"Don't you forget this†, (Quotes from the movie Dead Poets Society, 2011).Keating has each stud ent stand on his desks to see the room from a different perspective. All these acts touch on transformational leadership points: idealized influence, motivation, or intellectual stimulation. The students themselves continue to transform, becoming more like independent and freethinking. Neil auditions for a play and secures a part knowing it will displease his father. Knox is interested in a girl named Chris, who has a popular football player boyfriend. Nook's vision of dating Chris is clear and as he finds self- inference secures a date with Chris.The group is supportive of each other via various examples: Neil tossing Toddy's duplicate birthday gift from his parents into the wind, the boys attending Nil's play, and the boys supporting Knox in his quest for Chris. The boys are cohesive. Seating's inspiring direction in the hands of young men is unregulated and without the tempering of experience. The boys do not understand where to draw the line in the quest for becoming individuals . Charlie sends a letter from â€Å"DIPS† to Welter's administration requesting acceptance of women. Welter's administration is splashed and demands the culprit for punishment.Charlie admits guilt, does not supply DIPS memoir names, Ana receives punishment. Keating attempts to point out expression must be tempered with logic with â€Å"There is a time for daring and a time for caution, and a wise man knows which is called for', (Quotes from the movie Dead Poets Society, 2011). Keating suggest Neil tell his father, (Mr.. Perry), how he feels about acting and that he wants to take part in the play. Mr.. Perry disapproves of Neil participating in the play, however, Neil does not tell Keating this. Neil participates in the play. Mr..Perry removes Neil from Walton and tells him he will attend military school and become a doctor. Neil is not self-assured enough or experienced enough to withstand his father's rule and commits suicide. Mr.. Perry blames Keating for his son's death a nd request a school inquiry. The school headmaster, and to a degree the parents, coarse the boys to sign documents stating Keating is the cause of Nil's suicide. Walton Academy dismisses Kitten. The next day the headmaster takes over Settings somber poetry class during which Keating enters to secure his belongings.As Keating is leaving, Todd stands upon his ask exclaiming â€Å"†Oh captain, my captain†, (Weir, 1997). Todd finds his voice, his inner leader and expresses his support and appreciation to Keating with this one act of defiance. In conjunction, Toddy's statement is an emotional and character appeal to the boys to do the same. One by one the boys forever changed by Keating stood on their desks. Dead Poets Society biases appear in presentation and in characters. Walton Academy is a learning institution that is not open to other methods of teaching.It appears the means is more important than the end, which is not true for all educational institutions. The movie d oes not explore fully the impact Keating had on other professors. In a short snip toward the end, Keating sees another professor taking his class outside which alludes to his impact but no farther. Keating bias is realism and idealism, shown by his action of ripping out the first chapter of the poetry class book, which is the realistic method of poetry. Keating is not open to teaching poetry methods. 12 Angry Men and Dead Poets Society are not only entertainment movies but also lessons in leadership and rhetoric.

A Summary of the Guidelines to Achieving Effective Reading Essays

A Summary of the Guidelines to Achieving Effective Reading Essays A Summary of the Guidelines to Achieving Effective Reading Essay A Summary of the Guidelines to Achieving Effective Reading Essay Effective reading is indispensable to a learner’s success and it can merely be achieved by holding the right instructions and learning methods applied. The instructions must be given in the best manner possible to guarantee that the scholars meet their desired aims. Instruction execution should go on in a manner that it does cover every signifier of information engineerings. including the networked information which obviously is quickly turning. The undermentioned paper will sum up the guidelines to the accomplishment of these set uping accomplishments. Effective Reading among Learners Learning reading methods has been found to necessitate a batch of betterment in schools in order to hold the scholar reading with a batch of easiness and without tonss of jobs. Research has shown that instructors need to use methods that should assist their scholars know how to travel about their reading. It has besides been realised that novices need to be given introductory accomplishments on reading because this AIDSs in the betterment of their public presentation and promotes success. In relation to this. the International Reading Association has place statements that guide instructors on how to travel about learning the reading methods. With this in topographic point. there are still contentions over the places. The contention comes as a consequence of some kids non using the methods as taught and hence doing it appear as though the instructor has non followed the direction as stated. On the other manus. every bit much as there is contention in methods of learning reading. at that place seems to be less contention in what a kid should larn. A skilled reading methods teacher can see their scholars and cognize what to learn to each of the kids so that in the terminal. the instruction methods are efficaciously taught to the scholars. When learning kids reading accomplishments. the instructor must cognize what to learn to which scholar. A kid who has learnt missive sounds does non necessitate phonemic lessons. therefore the method employed on every kid. depends on the child’s degree of promotion in larning. In conformity with this. it is proper that the federal province merely offer support and provides resources to the policy shapers for them to do the places because they stand a better opportunity of explicating the places. The International Reading Association recommends that the school territory must affect the parents in assisting the instructors know their kids and therefore assistance in their academic advancement. The Role of Teaching Specialists in Guaranting All Children Learn How to Read Harmonizing to the National Researcher council. it is of import that all schools have a reading specializer whose function is to help kids get the hang their reading accomplishments. This is besides as a consequence of the complex state of affairss and the broad scope of diverseness in schools today. They together with the instructors work to guarantee that all kids emerge good readers. A reading specializer is a individual with educational certificates and hence. is a professional with makings and experience required by the instruction organic structure and meets the proficiencies of the criterions. The specializers may work in one or more of the available instruction degrees runing from early childhood to secondary to private establishments across to the grownup scholars. It is recommended that the specializers working with the grownup scholars need to hold more apprehension for their scholars. Children scope from those who are fit and healthy to those from hapless backgrounds. those with physical. psychological and emotional jobs. There are besides those that are fighting to larn English and hence those with jobs as respects their reading necessitate the aid of a reading adviser to steer them. The function of a reading specializer in assisting the pupils improve their reading include: ( a ) Instructive function whereby the specializer does the work of supplementing and heightening the work of the schoolroom instructor who must work collaboratively with the reading specializer. The two can give the instructions in category or the specializer may give instructions outside the schoolroom if pupil requires specialised instructions. ( B ) The specializer besides does the appraisal of the development of literacy degrees. This the specializer may make by detecting the pupil. measuring the consequences of the past literacy trials. The specializer besides plays the function of coordination with the territory and province criterions. He or she gives the study on the development in literacy acquisition. ( degree Celsius ) All coupled. reading specializers have the leading function in that they aid the instructors. decision makers and parents to acquire to understand more about learning reading. By join forcesing with both instructors and parents. they help construct good place school connexions. This therefore calls for reading specializers to be knowing and be professionally fit to execute their work efficaciously. Internet and Its Impact on Even Literacy Levels across the Globe In today’s universe. the degrees of literacy alteration every clip given the handiness of the cyberspace. With the engineering in topographic point. scholars are required to update their cognition in order to hold their literacy degrees right. In order to hold the scholars and the first bettering engineering at per. a figure of factors must be looked into. These include the rapid rate at which the cyberspace is acquiring into about all schoolrooms in the developed states around the universe and therefore calls for proper steps to be put in topographic point to guarantee the kids get entree to it. This is done by holding computing machines connected to the cyberspace in every schoolroom. Equity in the entree of cyberspace in the developed and developing states should be improved in order to avoid widening the literacy spread between the two sets of states. Education that is equal should be provided and development of staff demands to be done to guarantee the instructors often integrate new literalises in their course of study. Teachers’ instruction plans can greatly assist in fixing the instructors in utilizing the new direction engineerings. To accomplish the coveted consequences. the Professional Literacy Organization should offer support in the proviso of originative enterprises and increased entree. supply professional development and heighten the teachers’ instruction plan. With the above wanting to be acted on. the public policies must be adjusted in such a mode that reading is non merely defined around books but should include the networked information engineerings that have become critical in the success of pupils. Reading must be efficaciously taught and to accomplish this. instructors should do usage of professional development to larn new direction schemes. They should besides give equal chances to pupils in accessing the ICT installations. In general. to hold reading instructions win ; Parents. instructors. school decision makers. teachers’ pedagogues. policymakers and research workers must join forces to hold acquisition maintained at the needed criterions. Recommendation In order for reading novices to finally go successful pupils. they need to hold obtained the necessary accomplishments that mould them into perfect readers. The U. S. docket purposes at bettering the literacy public presentation of pupils. sing the increasing demands for educating all pupils to accomplish at high degrees. It is of import that schools have qualified forces to turn to the challenges confronting the pupils. Such forces must include a professional reading specializer as a nucleus member of the educational squad. However. in-between schools and high schools should hold the same instructional support. because effectual reading direction must be guided by reading specializers across all class degrees. In add-on to this. networked information engineerings require incorporation so that larning meets demands of the quickly bettering instruction degrees. References International Reading Association. 1999. Using Multiple Methods of Get downing Reading Instruction. Retrieved from lt ; World Wide Web. reading. org gt ; . International Reading Association. 2000. Teaching All Children to Read: The Roles Reading Specialist. Retrieved from lt ; World Wide Web. reading. org gt ; . International Reading Association. 2009. New Literacies and twenty-first Century Technologies. Retrieved from lt ; World Wide Web. reading. org gt ; .

How to Get Over Post College Depression

How to Get Over Post College Depression After graduation from college or high school, many students feel energized and positive. However, there are also students who face severe depressions, emotional breakdowns, and addictions. If you feel that something is wrong with you, and you are confused and lonely, then this article is for you. Our tips will help you recognize the dangerous symptoms of post-graduation depression and pull yourself through this tough period of your life. A disclaimer: the best option would be to turn to a doctor for professional treatment. What Are Post Grad Depression and Its Symptoms? You have been waiting for this moment for a long time. Graduation, diploma, bachelor degree, freedom of choice and self-expression. But after caps thrown in the air, you suddenly realized that you dont know what to do in your life and all of your plans for the future that were so bright and clear yesterday just make no sense today. This is what depression is. A stunning feeling of loneliness and emptiness mixed with confusion and lack of energy to even leave your bed in the morning. A lot of people face crises and depressions during their lives. Psychologists claim that there are common ages when an individual is more subject to various mental disorders, for example, the â€Å"half-life crisis† or â€Å"quarter-life crisis.† The main thing about these conditions is that many people of a certain age have similar problems with sleep, self-esteem, emotional control and finances. By the way, if you are having any problems with finances, you should find out how to manage your finances better after college. The â€Å"quarter-life crisis† commonly occurs around the age of graduating from college. This condition might get even worse due to a stressing situation of being unemployed and confused after the graduation which can compile into a severe depression. The main symptoms of post-college depression are: Being disorganized and unfocused Lacking motivation and energy Being sad or annoyed without a reason Feeling like you are running out of time Feeling miserable and worthless Feeling confused and frustrated Falling into addictions – cigarettes, alcohol, drugs Feeling lonely and abandoned Feeling like a failure If you started to feel like you have too many options to choose from and even after getting your degree you are not sure what you want in your life and considering the option of moving back home, its okay – you are just getting mature. But if you cant find the smallest thing that you enjoy and are constantly unfocused or numb, then you need to start pulling yourself out from this state. How to Fight the Crisis? The first step and the most essential one is to confess the fact that something is wrong with you. If you are reading this article, then you have already done it. Congratulations, your recovery journey starts right now! It’s time to focus. Set Up Your Goals Beating depression is not a quick process. You have to start working through slowly. Think about your dreams and your goals, make a list of them: Your life goals – huge ambitions and dreams – to become a successful specialist in a particular field, to find a dream job, to build a family. Year goals – accomplishments you want to achieve in one year – to get a job after college, to rent the apartment, etc. Monthly goals – realistic goals for one month – to get rid of all unnecessary things in the apartment, to send out your resumes to at least 30 companies, to read a book. Daily goals – small steps to take every day – to make dinner, to clean a wardrobe, to buy groceries. As you can see, the smallest steps you take can lead to larger achievements. It might seem like a waste of time, but the pleasure of crossing out the things that you have accomplished is more satisfying than you might think. Moreover, you will have your plan as a reminder that every day you become closer to making your dreams come true. Make a Meal Plan People in depression have a tendency to skip meals. As a result, they feel even more broken down and tired. You have to force yourself to eat to stay healthy and energized. Make a plan of meals for a week and follow it closely. You can always turn to the resources that might help you in understanding what type of food and how much of it you should consume daily. For example, Eating Well, Abbeys Kitchen, etc. When you dont feel the hunger, its hard to recognize that your body is starving. So, don’t forget to check out tips on how you can eat healthy on a budget. Establish a daily schedule Work on the schedule of your perfect day. Dont lay in bed the whole time, find the strength to get up and start living in the real world. Find the time to go for a walk daily, have your social life, and exercise. Dedicate some time to job hunting and your hobbies. Dont forget about daily meals and your favorite TV shows. And the most important one – go to bed and get up at the same time every day. When you have your day organized, you will realize that your entire life can be organized and structured too, so there are no chaotic activities in it. Try to avoid scrolling social media feed all day long – it doesn’t help you to focus on your accomplishment but distract you from your goals instead. Visit a Doctor The most important piece of advice would be to visit a doctor for a prescribed medication. You might be against pills, but some sedative wont hurt – at least you will sleep well. Moreover, a specialist might advise you to practice certain psychological exercises – yoga, meditation, hypnosis, group therapy, support system, etc. Start changing your life today. You can make your living better if you take a chance. And remember that the state you are in now is not permanent, your future is bright!

Most Common Attribute Error Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Most Common Attribute Error - Essay Example According to Huczynski & Buchanan, (2013), fundamental attribution error is a â€Å"tendency to attribute another’s behavior to dispositional qualities, rather than the situation itself.† (p. 34). For this type of error to occur, there must be a valid situational factor in that people end up overestimating the dispositional attributions. Psychologists have proved that humans have a tendency to judge others without having any prior knowledge of what actually happened and thus apply dispositional attributions. Since it is something impressed in a society, Brookwell (2013) proposed that this type of attribution error is purely a cultural bias because it focuses on personal responsibilities and not behavior. Self-serving bias is a tendency to stable, dispositional factors and failures to temporary, and its link to self-presentation and self-esteem (Huczynski & Buchanan, 2013). Therefore, if an outcome, either success or failure, contradicts expectations, people will be likely to make situational attributions. When taking exams, a good number of students have hopes of performing well. However, when the results are out and they realize they have failed or performed far below their expectations, they always justify their failure with external factors, which are not controllable in most cases. Therefore, when people fail in cases where they put in a lot of efforts, they always attribute their failure using situational factors. Considerations that affect self-serving bias include projection of self-esteem in future, emotional state, desire for positive self-esteem, and culture. When people perform well with lots of efforts, they attribute their success to dispositional factors. In most cases, talking about failure is something everyone tries to avoid because of the unexpected reactions from friends and family. In the context of failing an exam, it is very easy for people to know even if they are not told

General American Democracy and foreign policy Essay

General American Democracy and foreign policy - Essay Example It is submitted that such an argument ignores the complex socio-political backdrop of the US demographic, which has been instrumental in shaping the American constitutional conventions and in turn the American concept of democracy (DeRossa, p.23). For example, if we firstly consider the historical context, it is evident that the interrelationship between the interests of various ethnonational groups and continuous conflict has been instrumental in developing the American institutional framework for democracy. A prime example is the Civil War and the Bleeding Kansas Backdrop (Rawley 1980). For example, James Rawley’s â€Å"Race and Politics: Bleeding Kansas and the Coming of the Civil War† (1980) provides a detailed analysis of the controversies surrounding the repeal of the Missouri compromise and implementation of the Kansas/Nebraska Act 1854. Rawley raises the question as to whether the unsettled Kansas Territory, which was divided between pro-slavery proponents and abolitionists, resulted in irreconcilable factions which in turn creating conditions that only civil war could resolve. In considering the Bleeding Kansas backdrop, Rawley argues that the majority of literature focuses on the slavery debate and ins titution of slavery, without a detailed consideration of race and racial prejudice. In utilising the race debate, Rawley seeks to highlight what he posits as the overriding motivation for the Civil War being the white man’s supremacy struggle as opposed to a fight for emancipation and civil liberties for African Americans. As such, Rawley posits that the central issue in Bleeding Kansas was not the institution of slavery itself but rather race and whether the country could tolerate the expansion of the African American, whether slave or free. If we firstly consider the historical backdrop, Rawley provides an overview of the implementation of the Kansas /Nebraska Act 1854 and highlights the fact that the 1854 legislation organised the

Women In Management (Interview, Biography and Case Study) Essay

Women In Management (Interview, Biography and Case Study) - Essay Example I had a previous experience in sales though. I belonged to the Information Technology CBU (Client Business Unit) and I did enjoy my job for sometime. This was until our manager began to press us for rising sales figures.† The organization where Jessica belongs is essentially a research oriented consultant firm. The function of such an organization is to engage a section of the work force in writing reports and hence the organization would publish them in regular intervals. Jessica has appeared in both in the print and visual media with her expansive knowledge in all subjects and not just pertaining to IT or health. She seems to have specialized in all of them. As she puts it in her words: â€Å" This is not the time to criticize the Jack of all trades, rather the time calls for a Master of all trades. Therefore all children needs to be encouraged to master themselves in all the fields as many areas as possible†. Perhaps that is what she wanted to incorporate in her personality. She reveals how, the decision of her career was influenced by the surprises offered by life and the challenges, which she had to overcome. When it comes to her family life, Jessica is equally frank and honest. She lives in a two-room apartment in California with her two daughters – Sarah is 12 years old and Nancy is 2 years younger than her. Jessica seems to have joined the organization just after Nancy’s birth. When asked about her husband, she humbly admits, â€Å"I am perhaps not intelligent enough to sustain a successful marriage.† She is but surely a successful mother. Divorced from her husband around 9 years back, she raises her two daughters single handedly. â€Å"There was a governess for the initial years, but I would like them to grow up independently. Besides, Sarah is growing up now and enjoys taking care of her younger sister. The kids are far more responsible and matured than their age†, says Jessica. So we

American Constitution and Freedom of Speech

American Constitution and Freedom of Speech THESIS: Throughout the years, the legislatures assurance of the right to speak freely has been giving Americans voices and the privilege to be heard without dread of discipline, be that as it may, the right to speak freely simply like anything can be mishandled and used to damage individuals, not simply in federalism but rather through common freedoms and social equality too. I. Introduction The First Amendments of the U.S. Constitution awards us the privilege to free discourse and expresses that Congress should make no law abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press. The aim behind the Constitution was to permit people the privilege to completely communicate without laws ruining them; the Framers of the Constitution made laws that have progressed since 1797. The right to speak freely has favored this country that awards us a voice to vote on laws affected by the American government. II. Main Point 1: Identify implications for federalism related to the topic 1. One positive effect of federalism on free discourse is that the Constitutions assurance of the right to speak freely applies similarly to laws received by the federal, state, and local governments. In treating every division in an unexpected way, Justice Harlan contended that state speech limitations be given more breathing space than federal ones. 2. One negative impact of federalism on free speech is that we cannot always trust the government when it comes to dealing with our individual rights. Those in charge will often take advantage, often putting that federal laws above the local and state laws in the hopes that federals will long outlive the state and local laws. 3. One scholarly source that supports the topic sentence: In an article written by Adam Winkler about a study that was done, the study finds that speech-restrictive laws adopted by the federal government are far more likely to be upheld than similar laws adopted by state and local governments. Courts applying strict scrutiny in free speech cases upheld federal speech laws in 56% of cases, state speech laws in 24% of cases, and local speech laws in a remarkably low 3% of cases. III. Main Point 2: Identify implications for civil rights to the related topic 1. One positive impact on the civil rights that was brought about by free speech was the civil rights movement of the 20th century which started in 1954 and carried on well into 1968. This was could be considered a social movement as well since it not only created new civil rights laws but also equality laws. 2. One negative impact of civil rights movement brought about the rise of hate groups that were determined to stop those in the black community who now had found a platform to voice all the injustices that were placed on them by those in power, the whites. 3. One scholarly source that supports the topic sentence: The Ku Klux Klan (KKK) is the most prominent hate-based organization in American history. Founded in the aftermath of the Civil War as a whimsical social club, the Klan quickly transformed into a terrorist organization aimed at subjugating newly freed blacks and driving out moderate whites that attempted to improve the plight of Freedmen in the Reconstruction South. (Freyer Levitt, 2011) IV. Main Point 3: Identify implications for civil liberties related to free speech One positive impact on the civil liberties associated with free speech is that it brought about the Amendments which gave us the right to free speech, to vote, to marry whomever we chose, and unreasonable searches of your home and the right to a speedy trial to name a few One negative impact on the civil liberties associated with free is the fact that speech isnt really free. Many were arrested for simply speaking about things such as the war or abortion. One scholarly source that supports this topic sentence: In this Article, Professor Curtis explores the First Amendments guarantee of free speech and the contention that other constitutional values must supersede this guarantee during a time of war (Curtis, 1998) V. Conclusion Our Constitutional rights are essential to everyone. The battles Americans underwent from the framers coming together and writing the Constitution, permitting individuals to have a voice as long as no harm was done, to the Civil rights movement where the black community fought for equality, not only for themselves but also for other minorities all while dealing with white hate groups and to the 20th century where in the after the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist acts, the Patriot Act was signed into law by then President George Bush. This act violated both the First and Fourth Amendments. Free speech and free from seizures and unwarranted searches. An individuals free speech must not be infringed upon to satisfy anothers curiosity because it is unconstitutional. References Adam Winkler, Free Speech Federalism, 108 Mich. L. Rev. 153 (2009). Available at:  http://repository.law.umich.edu/mlr/vol108/iss2/1 Fryer R, Levitt S. Hatred and Profits: Under the Hood of the Ku Klux Klan. Quarterly Journal of  Economics. 2012;127 (4) :1883-1925. Michael Kent Curtis, Lincoln, Vallandingham, and Anti-War Speech in the Civil War. Retrieved from scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1428context=wmborj