The Causes and Effects of Alcoholism free essay sample

Liquor reliance is the point at which an individual has a dependence on liquor and can't control the amount they drink. The individual essentially can't simply have one beverage of liquor without wanting to get inebriated. The most noteworthy commonness of liquor reliance and misuse is among ages 18-24. More than 80 percent of school presidents in the U. S. distinguish liquor maltreatment as the most serious issue nearby (nd. edu et al, 2003). Understudies are in the perfect condition to build up a drinking issue. Understudies are away from their families and are thinking about themselves for frequently the first run through in their lives. With the expansion in obligation in their lives understudies can end up focused and confounded. These components just lead to understudies drinking among different understudies in endeavors to fit in or as a getaway from their investigations or other social issues. Notwithstanding, drinking excessively and routinely just prompts considerably progressively social and physical issues later on and conceivably for the remainder of their lives. We will compose a custom paper test on The Causes and Effects of Alcoholism or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Liquor abuse is something that ought not simply be viewed as a socially decimating sickness. The life of an individual with liquor abuse is constrained by their liquor compulsion. The many momentary impacts of liquor are minor contrasted with the drawn out wellbeing worries from too much mishandling liquor. General wellbeing associations are using new strategies for anticipation and examination to battle the further ascent in this infection. Socioeconomics Though there are hazard factors for creating liquor addiction there is no distinct reason for the malady. A background marked by liquor addiction in a person’s family unquestionably builds their dangers of building up the confusion. This hypothesis has been approved during the time using twins in appropriation cases experiencing childhood in various families. Ebb and flow research reasons that specific qualities may build the danger of liquor addiction, yet the personality and capacity of which qualities are as yet obscure (NCBI et al, 2011). Ethnic and strict foundation can likewise assume a job in the improvement of liquor abuse, corresponding to the way of life ways of life and acknowledgment of liquor. Social, strict qualities and desires towards liquor differ and can either advance or dislike drinking. Individuals from various ethnic and social gatherings for the most part show inclinations for various kinds of mixed refreshments, which can influence their entrance and liquor introduction. Different factors, for example, a race’s response to liquor can influence the commonness of drinking. For instance, blacks are multiple times bound to build up a liquor related illness than white (NIAA et al, 2005). The SAMHSA National Household Survey on Drug Abuse revealed that 3. 5% of individuals in their whole example could be delegated liquor subordinate. Caucasian and dark assessors had a comparable pace of 3. 4 percent of liquor reliance (NIAA et al, 2005). Liquor abuse rates for Native American and Hispanic-Mexican Americans are higher contrasted with different ethnicities at 5. percent (NIAA et al, 2005). It was discovered that these gatherings will in general beginning drinking at a prior age and drank all the more intensely contrasted with other ethnic gatherings in the United States. The paces of liquor reliance were lower among different gatherings, Caribbean, 1. 9%, Central American, 2. 8%, Cuban, 0. 9%, Puerto Rican, 3. 0% and South American, 2. 1% and Asian/Pa cific Islander, 1. 8% (NIAA et al, 2005). The overview additionally detailed that Asian Americans had higher paces of abstention and lower paces of overwhelming liquor utilization contrasted with Whites, African Americans, and Hispanics. Assorted variety in drinking designs is extremely recognized subgroups of the equivalent racial or ethnic gathering. Mexican Americans conceived in the U. S. report drinking all the more frequently, however expending less liquor, and have multiple times higher paces of liquor reliance (NIAA et al, 2005). This accentuates the way of life and hereditary qualities of an individual assume a more noteworthy job in liquor abuse at that point race or culture. This is additionally important when taking a gander at sex disparities. Ladies and men have similar odds of turning out to be heavy drinkers. Be that as it may, ladies have an a lot more grounded response with the impacts of liquor; in this manner there are a lot more instances of liquor addiction in men however there is no exploration to help sexual orientation helplessness (NIAA et al, 2005). Women’s more grounded response to liquor likewise implies that ladies are increasingly vulnerable to liquor related diseases after less long periods of overwhelming drinking. While research has given numerous variables that expansion the danger of liquor abuse the most noteworthy hazard factor for building up a drinking issue is a person’s way of life. This is the reason understudies with their young, enthusiastic, and juvenile segment are perfect for the improvement of liquor abuse. Impacts of Alcoholism on the Brain Alcohol is a focal sensory system depressant and dissimilar to different medications liquor doesn't actuate a particular receptor in the cerebrum. This ascribes to the wide scope of symptoms of inebriation. A portion of the symptoms from drinking vigorously incorporate slurred discourse, loss of hindrances, eased back response times, loss of equalization and memory misfortune. Cleary liquor influences the mind adversely when causing these responses. An unequivocal sign that somebody had devoured to an extreme degree a lot of liquor is a â€Å"black out†. This is the point at which an individual has no memory of occasions while they were inebriated. A review of 772 school students found that 51 percent of the understudies answered to having a power outage on numerous occasions in their lives’ (nd. edu et al, 2003). What they don't remember is the adjusted express that their minds were in at that point. An expected 33% to one-portion of all unexpected and deliberate harmed Americans in mishaps, wrongdoings, and suicides were inebriated (BSCS et al, 2003). Alcohol’s influence on the external layer of the frontal cortex area of the cerebrum meddles with the cognizant manner of thinking (BSCS et al, 2003). This adds to the loss of restraints and in some cases thoughtless conduct when somebody is inebriated. Be that as it may, research has demonstrated that these transient impacts of liquor misuse can be monstrously more serious than only an aftereffect. Individuals who drink vigorously and normally extraordinarily increment their danger of creating changes in the cerebrum. Up to 80 percent of heavy drinkers have thiamine insufficiency (BSCS et al, 2003). This is a typical event in heavy drinkers and results from poor by and large sustenance. This can in the long run form into genuine cerebrum issue, for example, Wernicke or Korsakoff condition. Korsakoff’s psychosis is an incessant and weakening condition, bringing about persevering learning and memory issues (BSCS et al, 2003). There are likewise situations where individuals have experienced issues strolling and with dexterity. Individuals with Wernicke’s encephalopathy have mental disarray, loss of motion of the nerves that move the eyes and trouble with muscle coordination (BSCS et al, 2003). Drinking during pregnancy can prompt a scope of physical, learning, and social impacts in the creating cerebrum of the baby (BSCS et al, 2003). This is known as fetal liquor disorder (FAS). FAS infant’s cerebrums may have less volume and less synapses just as being littler than normal. In this way, drinking during pregnancy guarantees the youngster a high danger of creating genuine medical issues from the get-go in their lives. Impacts of Alcoholism on the Body The risks of liquor are usually connected with the changed perspectives individuals can wind up in; while the negative physical responses to liquor can be considerably more serious. Liquor offers next to no dietary benefit and is high calories. The body regards liquor as fat, changing over liquor sugars into unsaturated fats (BSCS et al, 2003). This outcomes in an absence of vitality and perseverance. At the point when liquor is expended 20% is consumed by the stomach and 80% by the small digestive system. At the point when liquor enters the circulation system it can influence about each tissue in the body. This is on the grounds that cell films are profoundly penetrable to liquor (BSCS et al, 2003). This retention can be influenced by the measure of food or fluid in a person’s stomach. Different factors, for example, how rapidly the liquor is expended or how much an individual weighs likewise influence retention which prompts inebriation. Ladies ingest liquor quicker because of their digestion. The retention of liquor is alluded to as the BAC, blood liquor content. (Chart pg. 10) When our general public considers liquor related passings liquor harming is first to ring a bell. Not exclusively can an individual bite the dust from drinking a lot of liquor at one sitting however research has indicated that devouring liquor can bring about huge measure of various liquor related illness. One investigation established that 3. 6% of all malignancy cases overall are identified with liquor drinking, bringing about 3. 5% of all malignant growth demise (NASAIC, 2011). Examination has additionally presumed that drinking liquor intensely can harm mind tissue, heart, liver and conceptive organs. Issue drinking can likewise cause pancreatitis, dietary lacks, malignancies, and cirrhosis (NASAIC, 2011). The liver is the most powerless organ to liquor misuse since it separates the liquor into innocuous side-effects and long periods of this can obliterate the liver. In this manner, the negative consequences for the body considerably exceed the conceivable positive social perspectives from drinking. Elements causing the issue In our general public drinking liquor has gotten broadly acknowledged and is related with a celebratory or formal environment. This is a key part in the current increment in liquor addiction. With the current acknowledgment, marks of shame and theories about liquor in our nation individuals are ignorant of the seriousness of the medication. The expansion in liquor addiction is because of the way that a lion's share of individuals in our country drinks liquor as opposed to disrespect. The open re

Ad Strategy Report Essay

Vermont’s celebrated frozen yogurt markers, Ben and Jerry’s, began the City Churned crusade summer of 2013; where five significant urban communities casted a ballot in conventional and non-customary approaches to make a one of a kind flavor that catch components of the city. The five significant urban communities were Seattle, Portland, San Francisco, Washington DC and New York City. Ben and Jerry’s additionally collaborated with nearby top choices to cause the flavor significantly more to speak to the city it is for. Toward the finish of the late spring, Ben and Jerry’s served the last item the city picked at network occasions. Ben and Jerry’s objective from start this crusade was obviously to expand deals, yet additionally to make a more profound association was their shoppers, Mike Hayes, Ben and Jerry’s partner computerized promoting supervisor, told Adweek. Another primary goal of the City Churned crusade was to help individuals to remember the social strategic organization represents and the significance of nearby roots. Their social strategic about keeping fixings genuine (no GMO’s) and doing what is best for earth on the loose. The organization needed to likewise concentrate on the significance of nearby roots by utilizing items from organizations neighborhood to that city. There were principle three procedures that Ben and Jerry’s utilized so as to meet their goals. The main methodology was having an intelligent crusade. They made it so individuals were casting a ballot by doing regular day to day existence exercises, for example, what turn entryway you use when going to prepare. The subsequent procedure was taking a cutting edge wind on publicly supporting. They utilized the conventional technique for having a site where individuals would legitimately cast a ballot in that spot, yet in addition utilized new various approaches to assemble significantly more information. Ben and Jerry’s collaborated with transportation administrations mainstream to the city to consider casts a ballot well. In New York City, the taxis headed uptown considered a vote towards peppermint, though a taxi headed midtown was a vote Fairtrade vanilla. In Portland, they viewed the men entering Cartopia and whether he had a mustache or aâ beard was vote in favor of various flavors. The last methodology they utilized was making neighborhood components the principle part of the crusade. This made local people to the city or individuals who realized the spot inspired by what was being picked. That made a ton of free press for Ben and Jerry’s. Nearby paper all through the mid year monitored the democratic and what was occurring. A portion of the strategies that Ben and Jerry’s used to achieve the objective was reiteration. Their name was all around the urban areas, particularly at neighborhood problem areas. They likewise advanced the item being extraordinary to every city by catching the neighborhood components and flavors, and letting the individuals choose what flavors and components truly show the city. Another strategy utilized was making fervor, which made support. The entire crusade was based around the individuals getting what they needed. Individuals took pictures are neighborhood landmarks and utilized the hashtag for their city to cast a ballot and get into the crusade.

10 Books to Read Before the 2018 Oscars

10 Books to Read Before the 2018 Oscars This was an exceptional year for film. Every opening seemed to offer a cultural antidote to the headlines; wildly entertaining films imploring us for change, compassion, and understanding. Naturally there was a healthy body of literature behind each of them. So while we wait for the best picture to be announced, here is a tailored list of books to read before the Oscars: Get Out:  The Dutchman and the Slave by Amiri Baraka Jordan Peele’s directorial debut will remain one of the most influential American horror films. An obvious influence was Amiri Baraka’s one act play The Dutchman. Both works stem from the constant anxiety of existing in a white supremacist society, and both approach the topic with nuance, humor, and terrifying conclusions. Honourable mention: The Stepford Wives by Ira Levin Lady Bird:  The Dud Avacado by Elaine Dundy The influence of Dundy’s novel on Greta Gerwig’s film has already been addressed in numerous outlets, including this one. Lady Bird and Sally Jay Gorce are impulsive, affectionate, and gravitate towards an imagined bohemian life. When absorbing the two works in tandem, you begin to understand the characters are almost the same person. Call Me By Your Name:  Long Red Hair by Meags Fitzgerald The brilliance of Call Me By Your Name is that it celebrates sexuality at the most perilous age. Maegs’s  Long Red Hair does the same, a comic that treats adolescence with gravity and sentimentality without sacrificing a unique artistry. I, Tonya:  Women on Ice: Feminist Essays on the Tonya Harding/ Nancy Kerrigan Spectacle edited by Cynthia Baugman There is no good way to approach ice skating’s most famous scandal, over-historicization being one of the problems. Yet this essay collection is an excellent introduction to understanding the nuanced and wildly f*cked up saga of Tonya Harding. Dunkirk:  The Great War by Joe Sacco Christopher Nolan and Joe Sacco faced the same artistic problem: how do you translate the extent of suffering in war? How does one convey the seemingly never ending horror of a battlefield? Nolan’s answer was 70mm film and grand, long shots of displaced hopeless soldiers. Sacco’s answer was a single comic page that stretches for eight meters. Honourable mention: Goodbye To All That by Robert Graves Three Billboards outside Ebbing, Missouri:  The Lieutenant of Inishmore by Martin McDonagh It’s baffling to see a Martin McDonagh work be considered by the typically stuffy Academy. It becomes even more baffling once you go through his stage works, which, like Three Billboards, operate exclusively in high-stakes extremes. After reading The Lieutenant of Inishmore you realize that Three Billboards, for all of its casual racism and crotch kicking, might be the most mundane of McDonagh’s controversial cannon. If you need more convincing, just image search the play. The Shape of Water:  The Book Of Lamentations  by Rosario Castellanos One of Mexicos most acclaimed authors, Rosario Castellanoss body of work concerns compassion, state authority, resistance, and horror on scales both national and private. The comparisons to Guillermo del Toros canon are immediate (works set in civil wars, perspectives of children and romantics, etc.).  Lamentations,  while lacking the magical fish-man qualities of  The Shape of Water,  still holds parallel ideas of how power over others can manifest, and how love holds its own startling ideas. Darkest Hour:  Churchills Secret War  by Madhusree Mukerjee Darkest Hour  was the distillation of Churchill to his Nationalist and stiff upper lip quirks, a character that has been fictionalized to excess. However, now that   publishers are more accepting of revisionist histories, we are able to examine Churchills colonial atrocities and gain a deeper understanding than what the movies provide (notable exception is  A United Kingdom  where Winnie is  the villain). Mukerjees work is part of a wave of literature seeking the de-mythologize Britains colonial rogues. It was a toss up between this and Shashi Tharoors impeccably titled  An Era of Darkness. Phantom Thread:  A Breath of Life  by Clarice Lispector The Brazilian author unpacks the relationship between male artist and muse in such an intelligent and effortless way that to compact it into a paragraph description feels insulting. Phantom Thread, a film that takes all the myths of Male Genius and tosses them out, feels like a single chapter of Lispectors masterpiece on women, the composition of art, and the toxicity of those relationships. The #TimesUp and #MeToo Movements:  Take It As A Compliment by Maria Stoian The chatter of who is going home with a statue seems so juvenile compared the larger conversation happening about sexual misconduct. The perfect chronicle of abuse is Stoian’s illustrated masterpiece. It is a thoughtful, beautiful work that is the perfect answer to anyone who might doubt the  importance of the #MeToo movement. If you think I missed a few titles or are offended I didn’t include a companion work for The Post, find me on twitter.

India Needs Socialism Essay - 1182 Words

The Indian economy is an interesting thing on one side we see Middle aged men in Imported Cars , Tall buildings with luxury apartments , five star hotels and clubs full of people spending thousands and posh luxury office’s It feels like money just spills out of the pockets of the rich to make this capitalist utopia of the few . We also see slums , factories with horrible workings conditions , Beggars and rag pickers on the roads living on less than the bare minimum needed to survive .When I was 12 years old I saw a women feeding her child of a trash can and in my hand was a burger from a fancy American fast food joint . I still think of that day and I dont feel lucky but guilty . If you wanted me to write this essay on â€Å"The†¦show more content†¦Certainly not . The assumption that this system rewards those who work hard is false . The incomes and rewards in this system , are not only unfair but also unequal . The richest 3 Richest people in the world own more money than the poorest 10 % of the world population . The ten percent of the world population is 686110000 , So do you mean 3 people work more harder than effort of 686110000 people combined ? The answer is an obvious no . The rich dont work for their money but make money work for them .The working man works nine hours a days and at the end of the month ,day or after a certain period of time he gets a wage . The rich man on the other hand has never worked for money but he works for acquiring assets and these assets make him rich whether he works or not . I will look at the economy from the eyes from the worst off and all I see is misery and hunger . Well this economic system is beyond doubt the cause of poverty in this country and something has to be done about it . The first thing that comes to your mind is that the government should help the poor and the oppressed . The government is run by politicians and most of the times , these politicians in power are not there for the oppressed masses but for filling there pockets with money . ThisShow MoreRelatedHis 103: the Asian World Notes Essay1646 Words   |  7 Pages1) Nationalism, socialism, and religion have all played a major role in anti-colonial struggles and post-colonial constructions in India and Southeast Asia. Which of these three ideologies do you think was most effective for colonized peoples and why? I. Nationalism was most effective for the colonized peoples of India and South East Asia a. Both socialism and Nationalism worked together to fight against imperial rule. Nationalism brought the people of India and Southeast Asia togetherRead MoreRogarian Arguments1169 Words   |  5 Pagesmust take into account the following new realities in the global economic situation: a. production has become â€Å"uncoupled† from employment b. the world economy dominates the scene c. the struggle between capitalism and socialism is over d. the growth of e-commerce diminishes the importance of national barriers e. all of the above 3. The rampant corruption and bribery witnessed in a nation’s economy is referred to as: a. re-nationalization Read MoreCha Roy : Ideas On Communism Essay1444 Words   |  6 Pages MN Roy : Ideas on Communism In early 20th century, the Indian society suffered serious conflict against colonialism. So, there was need for a sustainable political model that would guide the society towards freedom from the colonial rule. Many political thinkers emerged at that time and there were persistent debates between different ideologies and thoughts regarding the same. One such thinker was MN Roy. He strongly believed that any major political change must end with a revolution and a revolutionRead MoreSocialism and Karl Marx832 Words   |  3 PagesSOCIALISM Socialism refers to a system in which production and distribution of goods and services is a shared responsibility of a group of people. Karl Marx developed the theories of socialism. He believed that socialism is the transitional period between capitalism and communism. In a state of socialism, there is no privately owned property. Under Capitalism, manufacturing enterprises dominate the economy but are privately owned and is operated to generate wealth for the owners and onlyRead MoreIsearch In the United States, socialism is widely viewed as ‘bad word’, as an insult of sorts.1500 Words   |  6 PagesIsearch In the United States, socialism is widely viewed as ‘bad word’, as an insult of sorts. There is no better example of this than in the last presidential election, when the right would routinely use the term to criticize president Obama and his peers. Despite the fact that many Americans still place a taboo on the term, socialist ideals such as universal healthcare, a merit based university system and stopping the greed of the upper class are becoming increasingly popular. Over the past fewRead MoreThe Debate Between Capitalism And Socialism1580 Words   |  7 Pagestime, for this reason it is very important. However, in order to debate between Capitalism and Socialism, it is necessary to understand what the differences, advantages, and disadvantages are of both systems. In the dictionary it states capitalism is an economic and political system in which a country s trade and industry are controlled by private owners for profit, rather than by the state. Socialism is a so cial and economic system characterized by social ownership of the means of production andRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Roads Road Serfdom By Theodore Dalrymple1489 Words   |  6 Pagesmight have expected. In fact, they often remember it as the best time of their lives.† It’s right to echo that fact that before the war, that the Britain was the protectorates of the Indian Empire. However, in 1947 the Britain’s had withdrew from India. This was the first indication of â€Å"weakness† (BBC). It was emphasized further that â€Å"Britain lacked the means to defeat a mass campaign by the congress.† Before the war, Britain â€Å"de facto† both political and economic control of 25% of the world’s populationRead MoreWhy Democracy is the Best Form of Government Essay1172 Words   |  5 PagesHowever, communism is concerned with rejecting current ideas of governing, and dubs the citizens wants as a burden to the country. Communism was centered on a revolution that was absolutely necessary for the country to spread from capitalism to socialism (Kopstein, Sept 26). During a revolution, however, rights are not considered integral to society. By ignoring people’s rights, they lose the option of choice. In addition, communism despises peoples hankering for material goods, making them obsoleteRead MoreIndia, India And The World2120 Words   |  9 Pages India is well known for the Taj Mahal, Bollywood, and the world famous curry. India is one of the fastest growing democratic countries in the world ever since the Indian government reformed their political structure to improve public finance, business and their investment environments. India is very important in the world trade but its growth is still below its actual potential, while facing disruptive corruption, poor infrastructure, and fiscal deficits that results in a burden for developmentRead MoreThe American Revolutionary War1519 Words   |  7 Pageseconomic freedom. The United States, India, Australia, Canada, Spain, France, and Great Britain are just a few of the countries that exhibit some form of democracy. For the most part, the citizens in these countries are happy people, and none of these countries are currently in a civil war. Consequently, the people living in these countries enjoy their freedom and are fortunate to have it, unlike many others in the world. Another type of government is Socialism. This form of government actually

Romanticism in The Scarlet Letter - 1596 Words

A Puritans FollyNever forget that only dead fish swim with the stream. -Malcolm Muggeridge. This famous quote justifies that to be an individual, one must break from society and think for himself, and only when he has done this, is he truly alive. Nathaniel Hawthornes novel The Scarlet Letter is about a courageous woman, Hester Prynne, and her struggle to split from society in order to live the loving life she has always wanted. By the use of symbolism, Hawthorne is effectively able to portray the forest, which promotes individuality, and the town, which rewards conformity. The clothes portrayed by the Puritans, the town, are dull and plain whereas those expressed by the Romantics, the forest, are vivid and eccentric. Also, the various†¦show more content†¦Even after the town has unfairly punished Hester, they still wish to punish her more. This signifies the cold and unjust nature of the Puritans, who want nothing more than strict laws and harsh punishment. In consequence, Hester refuses to show that the town has broken her and continues to keep her pride and remain dignified. In addition, the act when Dimmesdale mounts the scaffold to relieve himself of his guilt, serves as a transition between the town and forest, for although he is splitting from society, his is doing so in the confines of his own knowledge, not making it public. Dimmesdales ascend of the guilty platform serves as a remedy for his suffering for prior seven years (137). Although the act does not fully relieve him of his pain, as it should not, it gives him an excuse to keep moving on. This event shows that Dimmesdale is a weak and cowardly man, not yet strong enough to confess his sins, therefore forced to relieve his pain in this cowardly fashion. This event foreshadows that when Dimmesdale finally enlightens the town of his past adulteries, relieving him entirely of his guilt. Lastly, their confrontation in the forest allow Hester and Dimmesdale the freedom to express their true f eelings towards each other. As they sat next to each other, hand clasped in hand, on the mossy trunk of the fallen tree Hester and Dimmesdale were finally able to express their love and plan their escape from the horridShow MoreRelatedRomanticism in the Scarlet Letter Essay852 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism is categorized as â€Å"a preference for simplicity and naturalness, a love of plain feelings and truth to common place reality, especially as found in natural scenes†. Nathaniel Hawthorne was an anti-transcendentalist and believed in the dark side of man, hence his dark romantic novel The Scarlet Letter. This allegorical novel depends heavily on symbol and character. The novel is chock full of symbolic dimension of images, characters, and descriptions. The Scarlet Letter defines the AmericanRead MoreRomanticism And Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1461 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter Literary Romanticism was a literary movement that started in Europe toward the late 1700’s and reached America in the early 19th century just in time for its peak years. Originally sparked by the Industrial Revolution, it was a response to the political and social conditions of the time as well as a challenge to the new type of scientific exploration and rationalization of everyday life. Writing that was grand and inspired great feeling andRead MoreRomanticism And Transcendentalism In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter956 Words   |  4 Pages The Scarlet Letter - Research Paper Nathaniel Hawthorne is 19th-century author whose works were primarily classified as romanticism and transcendentalism. His works held many controversial elements for his time including the extensive use of feminist principles. Many of Hawthornes novels depict a different viewpoint on the defiance towards misogyny and patriarchal ways. The Scarlet Letter furthermore enhances these elements. Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, portrays the many elements of feminismRead More Use of Romanticism in Development of Characters in The Scarlet Letter2106 Words   |  9 PagesUse of Romanticism in Development of Characters in The Scarlet Letter      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hawthornes revered novel The Scarlet Letter, the use of Romanticism plays an important role in the development of his characters. He effectively demonstrates individualism in Hester to further our understanding of the difficulties of living in the stern, joyless world of Puritan New England.   It is all gloom and doom.   If the sun ever shines, one could hardly notice.   The entire place seems to be shroudedRead MorePuritanism, Romanticism And Transcendentalism In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne983 Words   |  4 Pages Although Puritanism, Romanticism and Transcendentalism do not coexist peacefully, these almost worldview kind of people groups are deeply embedded into three fictional characters from the book, The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. This enthralling and rich classic which takes place in Boston Massachusetts during the time of Puritanism gives the reader not only a taste of the Puritans and their staunch attitude, but also of a less common way of thinking andRead More Romanticism in Scarlet Letter, Ministers Black Veil, and Young Goodman Brown2077 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican Romanticism in The Scarlet Letter, The Ministers Black Veil, and Young Goodman Brown      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne took elements of the European romanticism and reshaped them into a new literary form that is called American Romanticism. The American Romanticists created a form that, at first glance, seems ancient and traditional; they borrowed from classical romance, adapted pastoral themes and incorporated Gothic elements (Reuben 22). Some of the definable elements of romanticism combinedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Scarlet Letter 1434 Words   |  6 Pagesvon Mises said â€Å"Romanticism is man s revolt against reason, as well as against the condition under which nature has compelled him to live.† Mises s quote means that people use romanticism to see different things in the world that reason cannot do. Many early settlers were anxious to create their own identity and by doing so, they changed their rational thinking. Because of this, many writers produced instructional texts and more stories, novels and poetry. American Romanticism was a new wa y ofRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter869 Words   |  4 Pagesbesides politics. Romanticism values intuition over reason, believes imagination could discover truths the rational mind could not, and contemplates nature’s beauty as a path to spiritual and moral development. Dark romanticism is a subgenre that has a dark view of human life. The most famous Dark Romantic writer, Nathaniel Hawthorne, emphasizes human proneness to sin and self-destruction, uses symbols that are considered dark, and believes that evil can overtake good. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel HawthorneRead MoreRomanticism Is Essential to the American Culture954 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism is essential to the American culture. It was sought out to be the central movement of the American Renaissance, being most mediated through transcendentalism and it continues to influence on American thought and writing. â€Å"Romanticism has very little to do with things popularly thought of as ro mantic, although love may occasionally be the subject of Romantic art. Rather, it is an international artistic and philosophical movement that redefined the fundamental ways in which people inRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1187 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in Red Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter shows the early view of Puritanism by concentrating on sin, guilt, and its effects on society. Nathaniel Hawthorne conveyed a dark and romantic style of writing in â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, impacting the society by focusing on the concepts of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter is considered a classic book and is still read today. Nathaniel Hathorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He was the son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Clark

Human Trafficking The Illegal Act Of Trading Humans

Nikki McMullen Professor Kinder ENC 1102 TH 2pm Final Draft Human trafficking is the illegal act of trading humans for any type of forced behavior, such as prostitution or labor. It is estimated by the United Nations that four million people around the world are victims of human trafficking each year. This global issue needs to be better controlled by foreign and domestic cooperation and awareness. One of the most important things to know about human trafficking is the different forms. While sexual human trafficking is the most common and recognized form, there are also slaves of labor, marriage, and even involuntary organ removal trafficking. Examples of forced marriage trafficking include young women being purchased by sex tourists and†¦show more content†¦Africa is one of the highest leading origin counties for human trafficking with 92% of sources reporting their region as an origin for trafficking victims. Western Europe is a frontrunner for being the largest destination area for trafficked victims, with 99% of sourc es reporting (Fowke et al 18-27). These are only a fraction of the areas with the highest amount of trafficking crimes, while in reality it affects almost every continent in the world. Awareness is a necessity in the fight against modern day slavery. Out of the thousands of people who participate in the illegal act of selling or receiving individuals for forced behavior, only a small percentage of these criminals are prosecuted. The report â€Å"Trafficking in Persons Global Patters†, by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crimes states that in 2003, Lithuania only had 8 people convicted on trafficking charges even though they are ranked very high on the United Nations list of origin countries. Even though there are programs such as Global Programme Against Human Trafficking in Human Beings (GPAT), that are meant to shed light on trafficking, it is still uncommon that we hear about the human trafficking that goes on all around us. Many people do not think about human trafficking, because they don’t think it will ever be an issue where they live, as it does not often make the headlines of news reports. One of the most ideal ways to get information o ut about these crimes, is to listen toShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking Is The Illegal Act Of The Trading Of Human Beings1510 Words   |  7 PagesHuman trafficking is the illegal act of the trading of human beings for the main purposes of sexual slavery, and forced labor. The 1400’s was the beginning of the African slave trade and has been going on ever since. This crime started in the 1400s and has been ongoing ever since, growing exponentially every decade. This crime is a violation of human rights and yet it is happening worldwide, even here in the United States. This needs to be stopped because victims in this system experience physicalRead MoreEssay on Human Trafficking vs. Prostitution: Is There a Difference?1627 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s modern society, prostitution is defined as the act or practice of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations, especially for money. Trafficking can be defined in terms of dealing or trading in something illegal (Merria m-Webster). In many cultures, prostitution is indeed illegal. So, is there a difference? Are there variances that set prostitution and human trafficking apart, or are they just different forms of the same industry? In order to answer this question, it is important to firstRead MoreWomen at Risk of Human Trafficking1272 Words   |  6 Pagesrights in the whole world but there are criminals that are using human for their own good in cruel ways. 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The trafficking of human beings for forced slave labor and sexual exploitation is a horrendous crime that takes advantage of one throughout the illegal trading and forced labor of all types of people People trafficking forces millions of people going against their will and having to take part in prostitution, beg and complete hardRead MoreHuman Trafficking Is An Illegal Movement Of People986 Words   |  4 PagesINTRODUCTION: Human Trafficking is an illegal movement of people for the purpose of forced labour or sexual exploitation. Millions of people from around the globe have been captured and caught to undergo activities against their will mainly for the act of slavery or pleasure and prostitution.Human Trafficking is a criminal industry stripping people of life and freedom. To this day, human trafficking is happening around the globe and numbers of victims are increasing up until this generation. NeverthelessRead MoreWild Life Trafficking Essays944 Words   |  4 PagesTrafficking is a form of smuggling that has a long history throughout the world. Just like any trade, the forms of trafficking differ as to what is needed in the market. Examples of trafficking and smugglings include: drugs, weapons, alcohol, tobacco, women, children and all forms of wildlife (animals and plants). Wildlife trafficking is a serious threat to the environment. Animals, for example, are usually stolen from their natural hab itat and sold in the black markets for large sums of money. RemovingRead MoreHuman Trafficking and Illeagl adoption1007 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking weather it is Illegal adoption or just selling people is the largest growing trade. People don’t usually realize that it is going on because it is over looked or pushed under the rug. There are many people who help in recovering those who are trafficked. Illegal Adoption usually happens in places with higher population of children like China. The babies involved in the adoption are usually from poor families or orphanages. The babies are usually sold by their parent to an orphanageRead MoreSex Trafficking of Children1277 Words   |  5 PagesThe trafficking of children and women for sexual purposes has become a key worry for nearly all governments throughout the world. Accounts in the United States regarding human trafficking for the purpose of sexually exploiting women and children have shown the matter is also a national problem and that it is on the rise. A projected 60,000 women and children are trafficked each year in the United States (Wheaton Schauer, 2006). These victims generally come from the regions of Latin America,Read MoreHuman Trafficking Is in America1354 Words   |  5 PagesHuman Trafficking is in America, it’s in backyard and most don’t even know it. Many Americans believe that this horrible act ion only takes place in countries such as China, Japan, India, and Ghana but no; it happens in the United States also. The definition of human trafficking is the â€Å"illegal practice of procuring or trading in human beings for the purpose of prostitution, forced labor, or other forms of exploitation† (dictionary.com). Slavery was abolished in 1865 in the 13th amendment in the constitutionRead MoreBeing A Victim Of Sex Trafficking Essay1553 Words   |  7 Pagesabout being a victim of sex trafficking in America. I will get more into that later as you are probably wondering what any of this has to do with you. Here in America, sex trafficking is a growing industry with 17,500 people each year being trafficked. C. Credibility Statement: Now I have never been to another country but I do hope to do so one day. Before ever actually traveling to a foreign country I decided to do some research and I continuously saw human trafficking is a HUGE issue in other countries

Alike or Different free essay sample

We can try and change ourselves, by changing our appearance, putting on makeup, wearing different clothes, jewellery, etc. But it’s not just a case of appearance, but it also involves the person underneath that mask everyone tries to hide behind. Nobody has ever tried to look at the person underneath before judging them. It’s just ego that stands in the way. What will the result be when people are stripped of all their accessories, when that mask is removed? What we get is a rollercoaster of emotions. Things that people can never guess are hidden underneath.And that’s yet another similarity, which makes mistaken judgment also put into account. Feelings are also something to look at. For example, people do get happy, angry and sad in different situations, but everyone still gets those emotions at times, regardless of reason. And everyone goes through the same life cycle, how they’re born, turn to children, then the teenage, middle aging comes after, then being old, and finally death. We will write a custom essay sample on Alike or Different or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Everyone will face death someday. And everyone is made by God, and made of the same materials, as some believe.Everyone eats and breathes, everyone has the five senses, nobody can live without a vital organ, and no one can have supernatural powers. And these are all similarities. * A lot more people don’t believe in that saying, they believe that people differ in a lot of things, and the things that they have in common with others can be looked at from a different angle, making them into another difference. For example, everyone is a human being, but everyone is a different kind of human being, depending on personality, looks, and abilities.And the fact that everyone has a dream that is to be fulfilled can also be a difference, like everyone has a different dream and a different goal for the future. As for the life, everyone does have a life, but it depends on how they live it, and how everyone uses it that makes a difference. Besides, some people are born to have the personality to be good leaders, and others have the power and will to work hard in what they’re good at, while others don’t treasure their abilities, and instead they use it for their own good, to get the better out of things, while they cause hurt to everyone else around them.That’s an example of being and not being able to be a useful person, to not use life wisely, and another way why people are different. Some believe that people differ in how they look (both on the outside and the inside), how th ey react to things around them, their personality, beliefs, ethics and religions. What can also count as a difference is how everyone is raised, what they’re taught to believe, where and when they were born and who they lived with. People often adopt habits from those they live with, which can sometimes be good, and sometimes be bad. That can make a lot of differences compared to someone who was born rich, lived rich, and died rich. Another way of looking at things is people’s appearance. Some people really care about how they look, and always try to look their best at times. Some wouldn’t give that subject a second thought. Some do care, but not so much. And that’s related to both personality and physical appearance. Language spoken is also a difference.And the fact that some of us can do something that others can’t, which comes down to ability. Furthermore sometimes people have disabilities that others don’t have. Sometimes there are illnesses and diseases that run in families, and some inherit that disease and some don’t, which is another difference. If we try and list these differences they will not have an end, and just thinking would take long too. So it’s not a case of what is the same and what can be different, it’s just how people think about things in their own point of view.So regardless of what there is that can be used as an argument, and however we think the ones who think the opposite are wrong, and no matter which angle we use look at things, it all goes back to opinion, and opinions are very important. And my opinion stays the same, but what about yours? And what’s more important is to reason why we look at things from that point of view, and if we really are being fair, or if we are just judging others by what we think of them, and how we think of them. And most importantly, are we really being fair, or do we just think we are?

Importance of study skills free essay sample

?Study skills or study strategies are approaches applied to learning. They are generally critical to success in school,[1] considered essential for acquiring good grades, and useful for learning throughout ones life. There are an array of study skills, which may tackle the process of organizing and taking in new information, retaining information, or dealing with assessments. They include mnemonics, which aid the retention of lists of information, effective reading, and concentration techniques,[2] as well as efficient notetaking. [3][dead link] While often left up to the student and their support network, study skills are increasingly taught in High School and at the University level. A number of books and websites are available, from works on specific techniques such as Tony Buzans books on mind-mapping, to general guides to successful study such as those by Stella Cottrell. More broadly, any skill which boosts a persons ability to study and pass exams can be termed a study skill, and this could include time management and motivational techniques. We will write a custom essay sample on Importance of study skills or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Study skills are discrete techniques that can be learned, usually in a short time, and applied to all or most fields of study. They must therefore be distinguished from strategies that are specific to a particular field of study e. g. music or technology, and from abilities inherent in the student, such as aspects of intelligence or learning styles Study Skills: Memorize with Mnemonics Memory techniques for College success by Gregory Lloyd What did you learn in high school? If you re like me, you learned a lot. You just dont remember it. Thats the blessing and the malediction of our memories. We absorb so much knowledge throughout our lives, but when it comes to remembering it for say an exam, we cant put it into words or even recall it. If we do bring it to mind, the information is incomplete or doesnt serve us well. Does that mean were just victims of our imperfect brains? The good news is, no. We all have more than enough brainpower to remember anything we want and recall it when needed. All it takes is a slight change in how we commit things to memory. Think back to some of your earliest recollections. Why do they stand out? Were they shocking, fun, or unusual in some kind of way? Thats one way to emblazon something on your memory. But what do you do when you have to learn material that is dull or painstaking to learn, such as numbers, formulas, dates, terminology, names, places, and concepts? We cant make them fun or unusual, can we? Yes, we can, by using mnemonics, a memory system developed by the Greek scholars and orators to help remember long passages and speeches. Today there are many fun mnemonic techniques you can use to encode information so that it can be stored almost effortlessly in your long-term memory. These techniques work especially well for multiple-choice tests, which dont require special writing prowess, superior phonetic ability, or lengthy memorization. You merely have to encode your memories so you can trigger the information when you need it. Here are just a few of the fun mnemonic techniques Ive used to remember what I needed to know for tests: 1. Rhymes. Thirty days hath September How many of us remember this one? This technique works just as well for memorizing dates and facts: Examples: America discovered: In fourteen hundred ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue. Path of incoming air (in order): Pharynx, larynx, trachea, left and right bronchia, bronchioles, alveolus. (This is an ideal list because there are three rhymes or almost-rhymes built in to the sequence. If you want, you can pronounce bronchi as bronchia. ) 2. Silly sentences. When the list must be memorized in order, form a sentence from the initial letters of the words you are trying to memorize. Examples: Remembering the division of the animal kingdom (in order): Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species King Paul Called Out For Gus and Sam Remembering the six stages of fertilization (in order): Note-Taking Skills Effective notetaking from lectures and readings is an essential skill for university study. Good notetaking allows a permanent record for revision and a register of relevant points that you can integrate with your own writing and speaking. Good notetaking reduces the risk of plagiarism. It also helps you distinguish where your ideas came from and how you think about those ideas. Effective notetaking requires: recognising the main ideas identifying what information is relevant to your task having a system of note taking that works for you reducing the information to note and diagram format where possible, putting the information in your own words recording the source of the information Reading and note-taking strategies 1. Be selective and systematic As you take notes from a written source, keep in mind that not all of a text may be relevant to your needs. Think about your purpose for reading. Are you reading for a general understanding of a topic or concept? Are you reading for some specific information that may relate to the topic of an assignment? Before you start to take notes, skim the text. Then highlight or mark the main points and any relevant information you may need to take notes from. Finally keeping in mind your purpose for reading read the relevant sections of the text carefully and take separate notes as you read. A few tips about format Set out your notebooks so that you have a similar format each time you take notes. Columns that distinguish the source information and your thoughts can be helpful. Headings that include bibliographic reference details of the sources of information are also important. The use of colour to highlight major sections, main points and diagrams makes notes easy to access. 2. Identify the purpose and function of a text Whether you need to make notes on a whole text or just part of it, identifying the main purpose and function of a text is invaluable for clarifying your note-taking purposes and saving time. Read the title and the abstract or preface (if there is one) Read the introduction or first paragraph Skim the text to read topic headings and notice how the text is organised Read graphic material and predict its purpose in the text Your aim is to identify potentially useful information by getting an initial overview of the text (chapter, article, pages) that you have selected to read. Ask yourself: will this text give me the information I require and where might it be located in the text? 3. Identify how information is organised Most texts use a range of organising principles to develop ideas. While most good writing will have a logical order, not all writers will use an organising principle. Organising principles tend to sequence information into a logical hierarchy, some of which are: Past ideas to present ideas The steps or stages of a process or event Most important point to least important point Well known ideas to least known ideas Simple ideas to complex ideas General ideas to specific ideas The largest parts to the smallest parts of something Problems and solutions Causes and results An example: Look at thetext on underwater cameras below and then look at how the text is presented in note form. The most important words to include in notes are the information words. These are usually nouns, adjectives and verbs .

Atomic Bomb Essays (93 words) - Free Essays, Term Papers

Atomic Bomb Essays (93 words) - Free Essays, Term Papers Atomic Bomb Was Atomic Bomb Necessary? August 6th, 1945, 70,000 lives were ended in a matter of seconds. The United States had dropped an atomic bomb on the city of Hiroshima. Today many argue over whether or not the US should have taken such a drastic measure. Was it entirely necessary that we drop such a devastating weapon? Yes, it was. First, we must look at what was going on at the time the decision was made. The US had been fighting a massive war since 1941. Morale was most likely low, and

Communication Etiquette in the workplace PowerPoint Presentation

Communication Etiquette in the workplace - PowerPoint Presentation Example With all methods of statistics being invented day and night, none is able to sufficiently estimate the value of courtesy. Words like; thank you, you are welcome, feel at home, it is my pleasure, I am humbled, that is kind of you, please, may I, you are amazing, how about if we consider this other method, and so on are forms of etiquette that ensure that people relate well with others. Keywords: communication etiquette, working environment; courtesy Introduction With new advents in technology, human beings may end up adopting machine-like responses that do not bring out the real person behind the words spoken. This growing trend in etiquette depreciation in the society has prompted some organizations to address the issues of concern by conductive training seminars on the art of good communication. The challenge that faces most organizations is the fact that organizations accommodate all generations of workers, bringing creative enthusiasm and positive energy along with creative ideas. Suffice it to say that even with all these, a conducive work environment in which everyone mind about the other person in thought word and deed is of utmost importance. Communication Etiquette at Work Places Moral courage is the most important ingredient of communication etiquette. ... Words are better emphasized in the style in which we say them; therefore, sometimes it is not always what we say alone that matters, but, how we say it (Cox and Hall, 2004). In other words, cultivating right tones helps to put across even the harshest words in a manner that recipients can take understandably without diluting the core message itself. Word like; excuse me, thank you, have a good day, how may I help you, thank you for calling, good luck, etc. do not cost much. They should be used to express your appreciation of someone, something, or a commendable job. In addition to this, being courteous does not limit one to only positive expressions. As human beings, we occasionally do not agree with our friends or partners. Using words like I am sorry, I beg to differ, can we considered these options, I am sorry but, may I kindly oppose that idea on the ground that, would you please elaborate your point on that matter, have we considered this and that, and so on are just but example s. As observed, words and phrases like may, would, please, kindly, pardon me, my apologies, could you, if you please, do you mind, and others, go a long way to help us establish interpersonal relationships healthy for a vibrant work place. Communication etiquette prevents workplace conflicts. Conflict can easily arise in a work place given that, most workplaces are characterized by pressure, either from within the working environment or from a different environment. Whichever way, there is need to manage conflicts arising in workplace due to lack of workplace etiquette or courtesy. It is important to take a personal initiative to learn to always think before speaking. This helps a great deal.

The Determinants of FDI in Nigeria and its Effects on the Growth of Research Proposal

The Determinants of FDI in Nigeria and its Effects on the Growth of SMEs - Research Proposal Example In this particular area, there are two approaches that are commonly applied namely the macro approach and the micro approach. Macro approach encompasses empirical examination of effects of FDI on the general economic growth in areas related to the creation of employment, business and industry as well as international relationships (Ip, 2010, p.90). On the other hand, the microeconomic approach focuses on the impacts of FDI on the grass root economy in various sectors like skills development, employment generation specifically the establishment of small businesses being highly emphasized on. Foreign direct investment refers to the direct investments made to businesses or production process in a given country by companies or individuals from other countries. This exercise is achieved by either buying the targeted business entity or by expanding corporates operations. In Rivers State Nigeria, FDI involves the movement of both financial and human resources (capital) from abroad. Some of these resources are owned by individuals, governments while others are owned by leading multinational corporates (Great Britain, 2009, p.102). There exists the number of factors that make Rivers State a favorable destination for many investors. Therefore, it is essential to have a brief understanding of the state that has become a target of many foreign investors. Rivers State is among the 36 states that Nigeria made up of (Mitee, 2010, p.85). The state contributes a lot to the Nigerian economy because of the presence of oil-rich fields, the presence of refineries and seaports among other various industries that spread out across the state. As a result, the state has become one of the most targeted areas by foreign investors who in this case comprises of both leading multinational corporations as well as individuals who travel to the state to seek employment.  

The sociology of deviance

The sociology of deviance How important and relevant are Mertons Strain theory and Beckers labelling theory in our understanding of deviance? In this essay I will analyse the importance and relevance of a structional functionalist view of deviance seen through the lens of strain theory and a symbolic interactionalist perspective through the use of labelling theory. Strain Theory attempts to explain why crime is resolute amongst the lower classes who are subjected to the least opportunities for economic achievement (O Connor 2007). It focuses on the positions that individuals occupy in a social system, not on the characteristics of the individual. Labeling theory explains why sustained delinquent behaviour stems from destructive social interactions and encounters (Siegel Welsh 2008). These theories work in harmony as the former theory explains why deviance begins and the latter gives an explanation as to why deviance continues through the lifespan. I will be describing and evaluating these theories to further answer the question of: just how important are these two theories for the understanding deviance? The sociology of deviance is the systematic study of social norm violation that is subject to social sanction according to (Henry 2009 p.1). Deviant behaviour is behaviour that does not follow common perceptions, when people are deviant they do not conform to expectations. It is difficult to give an exact definition of deviance as many major theorists have cast a vast variety of perspectives on what it really is. Some sociologists believe that deviance is the violation of any social rule, whereas other sociologists argue that deviance does not have to be a real behaviour for it to be labelled deviant (Thio, Calhoun Conyers 2008). Downes Rock (2003) state that deviance is everywhere and not only that but it leaves traces everywhere. Theories of deviance are rarely catapulted into political settings to be accepted or rejected in their entirety; rather they trickle in from many sources. The influence of ideas is always changing due to the instability of political circumstances (Downs Rock 2003). The increase in deviance may be due to the fact that people are confused about the correct values and morals to hold. As a result of this ever evolving world there are new variations of deviant behaviour occurring on a daily basis, ranging from minor violations of the law such as not paying a television licence to major deviance like abuse scandals in regard to the Catholic Church. These acts are considered to be deviant as they are acts which the rest of society deems as unacceptable (Tierney 2006). Traditional values such as religious views have been shattered to pieces because of ongoing scandals in the Catholic Church. Individual pursuits drive people; religion has no impact on the expected standards of people in todays materialist driven society, which in turn leads to an increase in deviant behaviours. The Functionalist perspective stems from the work of Durkheim who believed that peoples social roles or functions hold society together (Flynn 2009). In contrast to this is the Symbolic interaction approach where the emphasis is on the way people construct the meaning of others acts (Becker McCall 1990). Durkheim believed that crime is not only functional but it is necessary, it only become dysfunctional if the rates are either too high or too low (Covington 1999). The functionalist analysis of deviance begins with society as a whole; it looks for the source of deviance in the nature of society rather than in the psychological nature of the individual. Durkheim believes society is held together by shared values, and if these values are not constantly reaffirmed through the generations it may signify the collapse of society. One may put forward the argument that shared values are not a fundamental part of society today. It proves difficult to reaffirm values through generations when the family when parents are working long hours. Parental influence over children has declined; due to this children seek values from available sources such as the television or internet, resulting in the promotion of materialistic values which are in turn the norms today. If the community collapsed, and the collective conscience failed the result was a state of anomie (Covington 1999). In essence anomie represents the problems in society caused by social deregulation. Merton developed an anomie theory based on Durkheims earlier work which referred to a deinstitutionalization of norms that happens when there is a disjunction between the importance of cultural goals and institutional means (Featherstone Deflem 2003). Mertons strain theory argues that structures in society may encourage deviance and crime, it is a structural functionalist explanation. Functionalist theories offers the basis for policies that are wide-ranging in their scope (Downes Rock 2003), however Gouldner (1970) believes that Functionalism thinks of systems as mutually interacting variables rather than in terms of cause and effect, thus one may infer that it is impossible to implement policy to stop a particular effect if the cause is not highlighted. Theories of deviance are extremely important as Downes Rock (2003) believe that all theories of deviance have implications for policy making. That said however the ease of implementation of polices may prove difficult. For example doing something about anomie would be far more difficult than tackling vandalism by technical means (Downes Rock p. 317 2003) However, Mertons anomie theory is of great relevance to the realm of policy as it infers a definite cause and effect statement relating to the disjunction between goals and means (Downes Rock 2003). The main principle of Social Strain Theory is that some social structures exert a definite pressure upon certain persons in society to engage in non-conforming rather than conforming conduct (Thio, Calhoun Conyers 2008 p.33). This is not to say that certain social structures leave the individual with no other choice but to turn to crime, rather inadequate regulation leaves the individual with a different perspective on means to financial gain. I agree that this system is a great source of inequality and subsequent deviance in our society today that the less powerful groups are labelled so negatively and punished severely. Every crime should be treated in the same manner, regardless of whether they are from an underprivileged area or a high flying business person. An impact of cycle of deficient regulation may also be seen in Beckers Labelling theory. This theory was greatly influenced by the symbolic interaction approach as it is people who determine and give meaning to labels. The justice system operates on behalf of powerful groups in society; hence one has to ask the question what behaviours are criminal? The two strands of this theory are a concern to address how a particular behaviour comes to be labelled as deviant and secondly what is the impact of this label. (Becker p.9 1963) states that The deviant is one whom that label has been successfully applied: deviant behaviour is behaviour that people so label. In relation to deviance Labelling theory places the importance on the reaction to behaviour not the behaviour itself (Macionis Plummer 2007). It was this belief that leads Becker to place labels on types of behaviour, but who are the people labelled as deviant in society. To put it simply, labelling theory is concerned with what happens to criminals after they have been labelled, also suggesting that actual crime rates may be heightened by criminal sanctions. Unlike the Functionalist perspective, Symbolic Interaction is concerned with the process that underline social life and consequently the mechanisms by which meanings are given to those processes. It centres on the creativity capacity of humans and their ability to share interactions with others (Walklate 2007). In relation to deviance it is concerned with how certain behaviours come to be understood as deviant. Becker argued that behaviours of less powerful groups for example the poor, or disadvantaged are more likely to be criminalized than those who are privileged such as the white and wealthy. This happens because there is an assumption that crime is a social label along with the creation of law which are made by people in positions of power and enforced on people without power (Hopkins Burke 2002). The judicial system criminalizes less dominant and less powerful member of society, thus Becker argues that some rules may be cynically designed to keep the less powerful in their place (Hopkins Burke p.137 2002). Becker (1963) disagreed with the notion that those who break the law will be labelled as a criminal. He brought our attention to the fact that in many cases the innocent are accused, along with this only some of those who break the law are punished and brought through the system (Hopkins Burke 2002). Becker used a concept developed by Merton called the self fulfilling prophecy which is what labelling theory is most widely known for. When a situation is given a false definition it evokes a new behaviour in the person which as a result makes the false assumption comes through (Hopkins Burke p.142 2002). Becker felt that most criminals were in the first place falsely defined as a criminal, not only are their actions defined by society as deviant, the label is then extended to them as a person (Hopkins Burke 2002). Mertons concept of strain refers to pressure the lower economic classes feel when they try to achieve societys goals of monetary success (Flynn 2009). Merton felt that in society, people were focused on achieving high financial success which although exceptionally productive on one hand, on the other was a direct source of stress and strain for the individual (Cohen 1966). In effect there is a distortion between culturally induced aspirations for economic success and structurally distributed possibilities of achievement. This is in accordance with labeling theory view where the people who commit deviant acts are probably under strain from society to achieve monetary success. An example of this would be in relation to higher education, people without the means or cultural knowledge to aspire to respected professions are more likely to engage in deviant behaviour than those with access to achieving their goals (Flynn 2009). Within labelling theory there are two important concepts, those of primary deviance and secondary deviance. Merton thinks that the sense of strain that men feel is an accumulation of frustration, despair and injustice (Cohen 1966). Structural and Individual strain are the two main types of strain in society that promote deviance and crime. The former refers to the cycle of deficient regulation in society that has a negative impact on how an individual evaluates their needs, means and opportunities (Flynn 2009). The latter concept is defined by OConnor (2007) as frictions and pains experienced by the individual as they look for ways to meet their needs. Primary deviance in labeling theory involves acts committed by someone without a criminal identity such as an underage drinker. This act provokes little reaction from others around us, therefore it does not have any impact on the persons self concept (Macionis Plummer 2007). Secondary deviance develops through peoples actions towards the person committing the deviant act they may be pushed away and stigmatized making the crime worse, it is caused by the criminal label (Hopkins Burke 2002). It evolves from primary deviance being labelled, which is more likely to happen if you are from a less powerful group (Macionis Plummer 2007), thus mirrors Mertons argument about distortion between economic success and possibility of achievement (Flynn 2009). Merton noted that there were five possible responses or adaptations to strain that happen when people are not in a position to legally attain internalised social goals (Hopkins Burke p.107 2002). This is a perfect example of how labels are the cause of further deviant behaviour. Durkheim and Merton are one in believing that strain results in deviant behaviour, however Durkheim felt the main causes of strain were changes in society. Adapting through conformity is a self explanatory explanation whereby people both the cultural gaols of society and the means of achieving them (Burke 2002), this ensures the continuality and stability of society (Thio, Calhoun Conyers 2008), people do not break laws when achieving their means. Retreatism is considered the most uncommon adaptation by Merton, they reject social goals and the means to attain them (Hopkins Burke 2002), their behaviour is not normal and are considered true aliens (Thio, Calhoun Conyers p.37 2008). Ritualism is similar to conforming behaviour; they adhere to rules for their own sake with an emphasis on means of achievement rather than outcome goals (Hopkins Burke 2002). Innovation is a response to the pressure placed on the individual for success. The innovator embarks on novel routes to achieve success due to barriers for them to achieve success by socially approved means. They have the potential to be seen as deviant (Hopkins Burke 2002), as they engage in illegal means to achieve success. The final response is rebellion, whereby people not only reject but also want to change the existing social system and its goals (Hopkins Burke 2002). The very word rebellion connotes negative meaning thus showing the existence of labeling and stigma as used by Merton. People are stereotyped as being incapable of following normal behaviour and the general population treats them differently, resulting in discrimination in employment, and in many other areas of social life The internalization of labels by offenders may very well produce a career in criminality because of the negative reactions they receive (Hopkins Burke 2002). However, in contrast as Merton argued Cohen agreed that the root cause of the original emergence of delinquent behaviour was the economic pursuit of money success (Downes Rock 2003). A lot of labels come about through the stigmatization of a particular behaviour. Stigma is powerful negative label that has the potential to radically change a persons self concept (Macionis Plummer 2007), thus it is an influential force in the field of labelling. Slattery (2003) notes that a stigma can either be ascribed or achieved, you can be born with one or earn one. Similar to this is strain theories focus on negative relations between people, focusing on how the individual is not treated as they would like to be treated (Agnew 2002). Labelling theory has several limitations; firstly because labelling is very relative it does not take into account some behaviour like murder which is condemned virtually everywhere. Consequently it is most useful to apply to less serious behaviours like youth vandalism. Secondly, labelling may be seen in two ways- it could encourage more criminal behaviour of it could curb it because of people do not like to have a stigma attached to them. (Macionis Plummer 2007). Finally another limitation of labelling theory is that it does not tell us what are the root causes of primary deviance so how do these people become deviant in the first place? They cannot be labelled deviant if they have not engaged in that type of behaviour. Both labeling and strain theory emphasize the role society has to play in crime. Deviance is shaped in its transactions with events and people around it. Labelling theorists in particular have occupied themselves with the workings of the social reaction to deviance (Downes Rock 2003). Dissimilar to this is Durkheims perspective of deviance as performing functions that are essential to society through, encouraging social change, promoting social unity by responding to deviance, clarifying moral boundaries and affirming cultural norms and values (Macionis Plummer 2007). Sumner (1994) argued that deviance is not applicable to sociology today. He believes that the sociology of deviance died in 1975. Similarly Miller, Wright and Dannels (2001) claim to find empirical support for it and signify the death of deviance in respect to the world today. However, on the other hand Goode (2002) claims that at a certain stage in its history, the sociology of deviance developed a large number of ideas, concepts, and theories that influenced related fields. These ideas included: stigma which influenced disability and transgender studies, anomie in social theory, labelling in ethnic studies and the sociology of the underdog in queer theory. Regardless of the fact that sociology of deviance did not create these concepts, the field did help project them onto the intellectual map. Goode concludes that The social construction of deviance is once again controversial, relevant, central to our lives, and fundamental to our understanding of todays world (Goode 2002). I must agree with this statement as not a day goes by without some type of crime or deviant behaviour brought to our attention. Cohen (1966) believes that rules in everyday life provide a blueprint for every human gesture; consequently every rule then creates potentiality for deviance. However, as mentioned previously- are we really all aware of societal norms and values? I believe that society today has failed to provide a blueprint or clear rules for people to live by, hence leading to the unprecedented rates of crime and social deviance. Strain theory and labelling theory do not pay much attention to psychological factors involved in deviant behaviour, this is a limitation to both I feel. I would question the generalizability of strain theory as it emphasises the focus of materialism for society today. However, much crime is committed by people who simply want to get by in life, to survive. They feel they have no other option but to commit crime to put food on the table. Crime may not necessarily be about reaching the top in society, it may just be about getting by. Labeling theory is a lot more individual in its focus; it is more concerned with peoples reactions when placed in a designated role by society. References Miller, J, M., Wright, A., Dannels, D. (2001) Is Deviance Dead? The Decline of a Sociological Research Specialization. The American Sociologist, Volume 32: 43-59. Sumner, C. (1994). The Sociology of Deviance: An Obituary. Buckingham, UK: Open University Press. Downes, D. Rock, P. (4th Ed.) (2003). Understanding Deviance. New York: Oxford University Press. Henry, S. (2009). Short Introductions: Social Deviance. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press. Goode, E (2002). Does the death of the sociology of deviance claim make sense? The American Sociologist. Volume 33: 107-118. Thio, A., Calhoun, T., C., Conyers, A. (5th Ed.) (2008) Readings in Deviant Behaviour. United States of America: Pearson International, Inc. Cohen, A., K. (1966). Deviance and Control. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc. OConnor, T. (2007). Strain theories of crime. Megalinks in Criminal Justice. Retrieved March 19, 2010. Available at: http://www.apsu.edu/oconnort/crim/crimtheory11.htm Gouldner, A. (1970) The Coming Crisis in Western Sociology. New York: London. Covington, P. (1999) Deviance: Functionalist explanations. The Functionalist Explanation of Crime. Retrieved 22nd March, 2010. Available at: http://www.sociology.org.uk/pcfcri95.pdf. Hopkins Burke, R (2002) An Introduction to Criminological Theory. Canada: Willan Publishing. Tierney, J. (2nd Ed) (2002). Criminology: Theory and context. England: Pearson Education Limited. Macionis J, J. Plummer, K. (4th Ed) (2007) Sociology: Global Introduction. England: Pearson Education limited Walklate, S. (4th Ed) (2007). Understanding Criminology. England: Open University Press. Becker, H. (1963). The Outsiders. New York: Free Press. Slattery, M (2003). Key Ideas in Sociology .United Kingdom: Nelson Thornes Limited Agnew, R (1992). Foundation for a general strain theory of crime and delinquency. Criminology. Volume 30, Issue 1, p.47-87 Siegel, L, J., Welsh B., C. (2008) (10th Ed. Juvenile Delinquency: Theory, Practice, and Law. USA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning.

A Running Sunday :: Personal Narrative Writing

A Running Sunday "Are you listening, Jaehee Hwang?" A tall skinny lady walked towards me. This was the fifth time she had told me to hush up. "I'll have to ask you to leave if you are not reverent." Sister Jung always made me feel like a sinner. I knew she was right. She was the primary teacher; she was always right. As soon as she turned around, I began to giggle with Ji Young again, "hee hee look at Sister Jung, she stands so straight like one of those British guards with big puffy hats and red uniform hee hee." Sister Jung swooshed around, placed her index finger on her lips, and looked straight at me. She had long, straight black hair, without a single strand out of place. She wore an ironed white blouse and a knee length jean skirt with two rose imprints on it. I hated it when I knew I had to listen to her. After church, I raced my brother to the parking lot, and I jumped into the car. From a block away from our house, my dad turned his head to the backseat while both of his hands were on the steering wheel. "Jaehee, are you listening?" "Just drive honey." Now my mom turned her head and fixed her eyes on mine. "How many times do we have to tell you? Listen to Sister Jung, she is a wonderful primary teacher and " "You're the bishop's daughter I know, Mom, I know I have to be good and blah, blah, blah." "Jaehee Hwang! Ugh! Don't you ever get sick of hearing your name?" When my father reached the garage I said, "No. I think it sounds beautiful." I gave my mom a big smile and hopped out of the car. I rushed into the house. Ring! Ring! Ring! I took three big leaps into the kitchen. "Hello?" "Jaehee! You have to come to my house! I have a big surprise!" "Okay wait. Mooommm! Can I pleaasee go to Ji Young's house?" "If you promise to be reverent every Sunday." "I promise." "I don't want to hear any more troubles from you, young lady, so keep out of mess." "I promise." "Jaehee I'm serious. Don't go wild." I rolled my eyes and raced out the door. I ran for two blocks until I reached Ji Young's house. When I got to her front lawn, my eyes widen and I jumped up and down. "I can't believe it!" Ji Young was feeding seeds to a flock of chickens.

Cheat Sheet Finance Essay

One year ago, you purchased 1,200 shares of Berry, Mayell, and Wheeler (BMW) stock for $21.20 per share. You have received dividend payments equal to $0.60 per share. Today, you sold all of your shares for $22.20 per share. What is your total return (dollar and percent) on this investment? (4 points) [pic] Castella, Norwood, and Ngoc (CNN) stock had returns of 8%, -2%, 4%, and 16% over the past four years. What are the mean and standard deviation of this stock for the past four years? (6 points) The long term inflation rate average was 3.2% and you invested in long term corporate bonds over the same period which earned 6.1%. What was the average risk premium you earned? (3 points)[pic] Use the following information to answer questions 11 and 12. You purchased one of Fan, Igli, Sherrill, Harper, Evans, and Rashid (FISHER) Corp’s 8% coupon bonds one year ago for $1,028.50. These bonds make annual payments and mature six years for now. Suppose you decide to sell your bond today, when the required return on the bond is 7%. The inflation rate was 4.8% over the past year. What would be your total (i.e., nominal) rate of return on the investment? (7 points) To find the return on the coupon bond, you first need to find the price today. The bond now has six years to maturity, so the price today is: [pic] You received the coupon payments on the bond, so the nominal return was: [pic] What would be your real rate of return on the investment? (4 points) And using the Fisher equation to find the real return, we get [pic] Return and Risk: Statistics and CAPM (various points each) If the covariance of Caroline and Oberkrom (CO) Inc. stock with Van, Aleksandra, and Richter (VAR) Co. stock is0.0065, then what is the covariance of VAR Co. stock with CO Inc. stock? (3 points) Answer: -0.0065 Suppose the risk-free rate is 6.3% and the market risk premium is 8.5%. The market portfolio has a variance of 0.0498. Blagg, Elizabeth, Tendler, and April (BETA) Portfolio has a correlation coefficient with the market of 0.45 and a variance of 0.1783. According to the CAPM, what is the expected return on BETA Portfolio? (8 points) First, you need to find the standard deviation of the market and the portfolio, which are: [pic] [pic] Now, you can use the equation for beta to find the beta of the portfolio, which is:[pic]; or [pic] [pic] [pic] Assume that you are interested in acquiring the exclusive rights to market a new product. You estimate that it will cost you $500 million upfront. You also believe that the product will generate an NPV of -$165. You expect to operate without serious competition for the next five years. Use the following inputs to the Black-Scholes options pricing model: S, the current PV of the project’s E(CFs): $335 million ÏÆ'2, the variance of the project’s E(CFs):0.422 = 0.1764 X, the initial investment in the project:$500 million T, the period of exclusive rights to the project:5 years t, the number of years delayed:1 – 5 years rf, the 5-year risk-free rate:5% DY, the cost to delay [pic]:0.20

How Solar Flares Work and the Risks They Pose

A sudden flash of brightness on the Suns surface is called a solar flare. If the effect is seen on a star besides the Sun, the phenomenon is called a stellar flare. A stellar or solar flare releases a vast amount of energy, typically on the order of  1 Ãâ€" 1025  joules, over a broad spectrum of wavelengths and particles. This amount of energy is comparable to the explosion of 1 billion megatons of TNT or ten million volcanic eruptions. In addition to light, a solar flare may eject atoms, electrons, and ions into space in what is called a coronal mass ejection. When particles are released by the Sun, they are able to reach Earth within a day or two. Fortunately, the mass may be ejected outward in any direction, so the Earth isnt always affected. Unfortunately, scientists arent able to forecast flares, only give a warning when one has occurred. The most powerful solar flare was the first one that was observed. The event occurred on September 1, 1859, and is called the Solar Storm of 1859 or the Carrington Event. It was reported independently by astronomer Richard Carrington and Richard Hodgson. This flare was visible to the naked eye, set telegraph systems aflame, and produced auroras all the way down to Hawaii and Cuba. While scientists at the time didnt have the ability to measure the strength of the solar flare, modern scientists were able to reconstruct the event based on nitrate and the isotope beryllium-10 produced from the radiation. Essentially, evidence of the flare was preserved in ice in Greenland. How  a Solar Flare Works Like planets, stars consists of multiple layers. In the case of a solar flare, all layers of the Suns atmosphere are affected. In other words, energy is released from the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. Flares tend to occur near sunspots, which are regions of intense magnetic fields. These fields link the atmosphere of the Sun to its interior. Flares are believed to result from a process called magnetic reconnection, when loops of magnetic force break apart, rejoin  and release energy. When magnetic energy is suddenly released by the corona (suddenly meaning over a matter of minutes), light and particles are accelerated into space. The source of the released matter appears to be material from the unconnected helical magnetic field, however, scientists havent completely worked out how flares work and why there are sometimes more released particles than the amount within a coronal loop. Plasma in the affected area reaches temperatures in the order of tens of million Kelvin, wh ich is nearly as hot as the Suns core. The electrons, protons, and ions are accelerated by the intense energy to nearly the speed of light. Electromagnetic radiation covers the entire spectrum, from gamma rays to radio waves. The energy released in the visible part of the spectrum makes some solar flares observable to the naked eye, but most of the energy is outside the visible range, so flares are observed using scientific instrumentation. Whether or not a solar flare is accompanied by a coronal mass ejection is not readily predictable. Solar flares may also release a flare spray, which involves an ejection of material that is faster than a solar prominence. Particles released from a flare spray may attain a velocity of 20 to 200 kilometers per second (kps). To put this into perspective, the speed of light is 299.7 kps! How Often Do Solar Flares Occur? Smaller solar flares occur more often than large ones. The frequency of any flare occurring depends on the activity of the Sun. Following the 11-year solar cycle, there may be several flares per day during an active part of the cycle, compared with fewer than one per week during a quiet phase. During peak activity, there may be 20 flares a day and over 100 per week. How Solar Flares Are Classified An earlier method of solar flare classification was based on the intensity of  the  HÃŽ ±Ã‚  line of the solar spectrum. The modern classification system categorizes flares according to their peak flux of 100 to 800 picometer X-rays, as observed by the GOES spacecraft that orbit the Earth. Classification Peak Flux (Watts per square meter) A 10−7 B 10−7 – 10−6 C 10−6 – 10−5 M 10−5 – 10−4 X 10−4 Each category is further ranked on a linear scale, such that an X2 flare is twice as potent as an X1 flare. Ordinary Risks From Solar Flares Solar flares produce what is called solar weather on Earth. The solar wind impacts the magnetosphere of the Earth, producing aurora borealis and australis, and presenting a radiation risk to satellites, spacecraft, and astronauts. Most of the risk is to objects in low Earth orbit, but coronal mass ejections from solar flares can knock out power systems on Earth and completely disable satellites. If satellites did come down,  cell phones and GPS systems would be without service. The ultraviolet light and x-rays released by a flare disrupt long-range radio and likely increase the risk of sunburn and cancer. Could a Solar Flare Destroy the Earth? In a word: yes. While the planet itself would survive an encounter with a superflare, the atmosphere could be bombarded with radiation and all life could be obliterated. Scientists have observed the release of superflares from other stars up to 10,000 times more powerful than a typical solar flare. While most of these flares occur in stars that have more powerful magnetic fields than our Sun, about 10% of the time the star is comparable to or weaker than the Sun. From studying tree rings, researchers believe Earth has experienced two small superflares— one in 773 C.E. and another in 993 C.E. Its possible we can expect a superflare about once a millennium. The chance of an extinction level superflare is unknown. Even normal flares can have devastating consequences. NASA revealed Earth narrowly missed a catastrophic solar flare on July 23, 2012. If the flare had occurred just a week earlier, when it was pointed directly at us, society would have been knocked back to the Dark Ages. The intense radiation would have disabled electrical grids, communication, and GPS on a global scale. How likely is such an event in the future? Physicist Pete Rile calculates the odds of a disruptive solar flare is 12% per 10 years. How to Predict Solar Flares At present, scientists cannot predict a solar flare with any degree of accuracy. However, high sunspot activity is associated with an increased chance of flare production. Observation of sunspots, particularly the type called delta spots, is used to calculate the probability of a flare occurring and how strong it will be. If a strong flare (M or X class) is predicted, the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) issues a forecast/warning. Usually, the warning allows for 1-2 days of preparation. If a solar flare and coronal mass ejection occur, the severity of the flares impact on Earth depends on the type of particles released and how directly the flare faces the Earth. Sources Big Sunspot 1520 Releases X1.4 Class Flare With Earth-Directed CME. NASA. July 12, 2012.Description of a Singular Appearance seen in the Sun on September 1, 1859, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, v20, pp13, 1859.Karoff, Christoffer. Observational evidence for enhanced magnetic activity of superflare stars. Nature Communications volume 7, Mads Faurschou Knudsen, Peter De Cat, et al., Article number: 11058, March 24, 2016.